ANSC 221 Exam 1 Review Guide Questions and Answers
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What is the first recorded nutritional experiment? ️️Book of Daniel in the Bible
What did Beumont discover together with Alexio St. Martin? ️️digestion occurs at the same time
but at different rates and that the noises o...
What is the first recorded nutritional experiment? ✔️✔️Book of Daniel in the Bible
What did Beumont discover together with Alexio St. Martin? ✔️✔️digestion occurs at the same time
but at different rates and that the noises of the digestive system are contractions
Who was responsible for the health of the Limeys (British Navy)? Why are they called Limeys?
✔️✔️Lind (1747)
What was the significance of the single plant feeding experiment? ✔️✔️proved that we need to feed a
variety of nutrients from various sources
Who named vitamins after vital amines? ✔️✔️Funk
Who is credited with "Life is a chemical process", and is called the Father of Nutrition? ✔️✔️Lavoiser
What are the major differences and similarities in composition between animals and the plant materials
that serve as their food? ✔️✔️Animals: made up of lots of mineral (protein) (Ca&P) and store extra
energy as fat
Plants: made up of C,H,O, (P&K), and have low protein
Which could best be called the MOST IMPORTANT NUTRIENT? ✔️✔️water
Which nutrient class provides most of the energy in livestock diets? ✔️✔️carbohydrates
Which nutrient class has the most energy per gram? ✔️✔️fats
,Which nutrient class provides energy only after requirements for it are met? ✔️✔️fats?
Which nutrient classes do NOT provide any energy? ✔️✔️vitamins, minerals, water
Which nutrient class is analyzed as crude fuber and NFE? is soluble in ether? is analyzed by kjeldahl
procedure? is analyzed by N X 6.25? ✔️✔️Crude fiber and NFE = carbohydrates
Soluble in ether = fats
analyzed by kjeldahl procedure = proteins
analyzed by Nx6.25 = protein
How much energy do fats, carbohydrates and proteins have in relation to each other? ✔️✔️4 calories
for carbs and protein
9 calories for fats
How much water loss is fatal? ✔️✔️12%
What are 3 sources of water? ✔️✔️drinking water
water in feed
metabolic water
What are 3 properties of water that aid animal life? ✔️✔️high dielectric constant
high specific heat
high latent heat of vaporization
Explain the importance of High Dielectric Constant, High Latent Heat of Vaporization, and High Specific
Heat to the animal, and give an example. What do each of these mean, and what does their
consequence mean for animals? ✔️✔️High dielectric constant = high polarity of the molecule, water
dissolves many things
, High latent heat of vaporization = takes a lot of energy to change water from liquid into vapor (sweat)
High specific heat = takes a lot of heat to change temperature much, helps maintain proper body
temperature
Which physical principle is working to help cool a dog when it pants? ✔️✔️high latent heat of
vaporization
Which physical principle is working to help move nutrients to the cells? ✔️✔️high dielectric constant
What are the major functions of water for animals? ✔️✔️movement of nutrients, constant body
temp, and medium for chemical reactions, synovial fluid, CSF, sound transmission in ear, light
transmission in eye
What are the consequences of too little water? ✔️✔️decrease food intake, heart rate increase,
hemoconcentration/ poor circulation, increase temperature, increase respiration rate, death
Why is water such a good substance for maintaining constant body temperature? ✔️✔️has a high
specific heat
How does water help maintain constant body temperature? ✔️✔️sweating
In what circumstance is metabolic water important in animals? ✔️✔️for hibernating/water-conserving
animals
How are carbohydrates classified? List 2 pentoses, 4 hexoses, 4 dissacharides (and the monosaccharides
they are made of), 3 polysaccharides. ✔️✔️classified as: made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen (2:1
ratio H to O), they are sugars, and their function is for energy
Pentoses: Arabinose, Xylose, Ribose
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