CLEP Introductory Sociology Graded A+
Sociology ️️The science or discipline that studies societies, social groups, and the relationships
between people. It encompasses both the formation and transformation of societies and social groups.
What is "cultural assimilation," and how does it oc...
Sociology ✔️✔️The science or discipline that studies societies, social groups, and the relationships
between people. It encompasses both the formation and transformation of societies and social groups.
What is "cultural assimilation," and how does it occur?
✔️✔️ Cultural assimilation is the process by which individuals or groups adopt the cultural norms and
practices of another group, often resulting in a loss of original cultural identity, commonly seen in
immigrant populations.
Define "status inconsistency" and provide an example.
✔️✔️ Status inconsistency occurs when an individual holds a mix of high and low statuses, leading to
social tension. An example is a well-educated person working in a low-paying job.
What is "social isolation," and what are its potential effects?
✔️✔️ Social isolation is the lack of social interactions and relationships, which can lead to feelings of
loneliness, mental health issues, and decreased overall well-being.
Explain the concept of "normative social influence."
✔️✔️ Normative social influence occurs when individuals conform to group norms to gain acceptance
or avoid rejection, often resulting in changes to behavior or attitudes.
What is "deviance avowal" in relation to identity?
✔️✔️ Deviance avowal is when an individual openly acknowledges and embraces a deviant identity,
actively challenging societal norms and expectations regarding behavior.
Define "value neutrality" in sociological research.
✔️✔️ Value neutrality refers to the principle that researchers should remain impartial and objective,
avoiding personal biases to ensure that their findings accurately reflect social realities.
, What is "social learning theory" in psychology?
✔️✔️ Social learning theory posits that people learn behaviors, attitudes, and norms through
observation, imitation, and modeling, emphasizing the role of social context in shaping behavior.
Explain the term "social mobility" and its types.
✔️✔️ Social mobility refers to the ability of individuals or groups to move up or down the social
hierarchy. It can be vertical (upward or downward movement) or horizontal (change of position without
a change in status).
What is "cognitive behavioral therapy" (CBT) in relation to sociology?
✔️✔️ Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a psychological treatment that addresses negative thought
patterns and behaviors, influencing how individuals interact socially and cope with societal pressures.
Describe "cultural shock" and its phases.
✔️✔️ Cultural shock is the disorientation experienced when encountering a new culture, often
comprising phases: honeymoon (initial excitement), negotiation (frustration), adjustment (adapting),
and mastery (comfort with the new culture).
What is "microaggression," and how does it manifest in society?
✔️✔️ Microaggression refers to subtle, often unintentional, discriminatory comments or behaviors
that convey negative messages to marginalized groups, impacting their self-esteem and sense of
belonging.
Define "social epidemiology" and its focus.
✔️✔️ Social epidemiology is the study of how social factors, such as socioeconomic status and social
networks, influence health outcomes and the distribution of diseases within populations.
What is "environmental sociology," and what does it study?
✔️✔️ Environmental sociology examines the interactions between society and the environment,
focusing on how social structures, practices, and beliefs influence environmental issues and responses.
Explain the concept of "social justice."
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