NR 283 EXAM 1, 2, AND 3 | PATHO EXAMS |
ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
| GRADED A+ | VERIFIED ANSWERS |
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NR 283 Exam 1
What system with about 20 blood plasma proteins gets activated to attack
the bacteria, causing it to let water into the bacteria's cell to swell, burst,
and die? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------the complement system
What is the process called that starts with vasodilation; increases
permeability of vessels for the WBCs, macrophages, and plasma to go to
the foreign cells; and forms a coat around the microbe to kill them? ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------phagocytosis
Interleukin six is produced primarily by which type of cell?
A. Macrophages, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts
B. Macrophages ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A. Macrophages,
lymphocytes, and fibroblasts
Which are the most predominate proinflammatory factors?
A. interleukins
B. RBC
C. WBS ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A. interleukins
,In regards to wound healing, what is primary union? ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------Wound edges can be matched together with serum
and regeneration of tissue and connecting capillaries, fibroblasts, and
laying of collagen that pulls the sides together when they shrink. There is
typically very little tissue loss (e.g., surgical skin incision).
In regards to wound healing, what is secondary union? ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------It is a greater area of tissue loss and more
inflammation. Greater amounts of tissue replacement, scar formation, and
wound contraction result in a more lengthy healing process (e.g., late stage
pressure ulcer).
A client receiving an influenza vaccine (flu shot) asks when the
immunization will be effective. The nurse response based on the
knowledge that after receiving the vaccine, the levels of immunoglobulin M
(IgM) are high enough to provide immunization (select all that apply)
A. in 7 days
B. after 24 hours
C. in 10 days
D. in 48 hours
E. in 14 days
F. immediately ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A. in 7 days
C. in 10 days
E. in 14 days
And elderly client is concerned about catching influenza. The nurse
understands that which immune system function changes occur with
increased age? (select all that apply)
A. Decreased levels of circulating autoantibodies
B. Increased thymic hormone production
C. Diminished T cell function
,D. Reduced antibody response ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------C.
Diminished T cell function
D. Reduced antibody response
Define and give and example of:
A. etiology
B. incidence
C. precipitating factor
D. complication
E. prognosis
F. iatrogenic ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A. etiology -
concerns the causative factors in a particular disease
B. incidence - the number of new cases of a disease in a given population
noted within the stated time period.
C. precipitating factor - A condition of triggers onset or exacerbation of
disease
D. complication - new secondary or additional problems that arise after the
original disease begins
E. prognosis - the probability of specific outcomes
F. iatrogenic - refers to a disease caused by the actions of a healthcare
worker, including treatment, diagnosis, or failure to recognize complications
Differentiate between the terms metaplasia and malignant neoplasm --------
-CORRECT ANSWER-----------------METAPLASIA - occurs when one
mature cell type is replaced by different mature cell type is functional
MALIGNANT NEOPLASM - referred to as cancer and involve dysplastic
tissues
, Describe the changes in a cell that lead to:
A. loss of function
B. necrosis ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A. LOSS OF
FUNCTION - preceded by changes in so metabolism because of changes
in structure and function
B. NECROSIS - the death of groups of cells caused by processes such as
cells being liquefied by certain enzymes (liquefaction necrosis), cell
proteins being altered or denatured (coagulative necrosis), breakdown of
fats by enzymes (fat necrosis), or formative of a thick "cheesy" substance
that later leads to liquefication (caseous necrosis)
Apoptosis ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------programmed cell death
gangrene ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------an are of ischemic and
necrotic tissue that has been invaded by bacteria
CJ is having surgery next week to remove a malignant breast tumor
following discovery of a lump in the breast and a biopsy. her mother and
aunt have had breast cancer. CJ is taking medication for high blood
pressure.
Match the significant information in the preceding question to the
appropriate term: diagnosis, medical history, etiology, prognosis, benign
neoplasm, iatrogenic, signs, complication, treatment, cancer, examination
of living tissue. (some terms may not be used or may be used more than
once) ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------malignant breast tumor and
high blood pressure = diagnosis
high blood pressure and family cancer = medical history
medication = treatment
surgery = treatment and diagnosis
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