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PLE 2024 Surgery - Ortho Questions and Answers Latest Update
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PLE 2024 Surgery - Ortho Questions and Answers Latest Update
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Solution 2024/2025Pepper
PLE 2024: Surgery - Ortho Questions and
Answers Latest Update 2024-2025
Osteoarthritis ANS✔✔ Penalty for assuming the erect position
Severity depends on lifestyle
Osteoporosis ANS✔✔ Secondary to hormonal imbalance
Hormonal imbalance
Medications
Prolonged immobilization of the bone ANS✔✔ Osteoporosis is due to (3)
Osteogenesis Imperfecta aka ANS✔✔ Brittle bone disease
Club foot aka ANS✔✔ Talipes Equinovarus
Congenital Dislocation of the Hip (CDH) ANS✔✔ Mandatory for the
Pediatrician to check on the hips of newborn
Osteogenic Sarcoma ANS✔✔ Commonly seen in younger age group (what
sarcoma?)
Lumbar strain
Herniated nucleus pulposus
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
Stenosis ANS✔✔ Causes of low back pain (3)
Slip Disc
Collapsed Disc
Disc Protrusion ANS✔✔ Herniated nucleus pulposus aka as (3)
Stenosis ANS✔✔ Narrowing of the spinal canal secondary to osteophytes,
etc.
Pain during hyperextension
Relief of pain during hyperflexion ANS✔✔ How will you know if the patient is
suffering from Lumbar Stenosis (without requesting for imaging)?
Polytrauma patients ANS✔✔ Due to vehicular accidents, especially
motorcycles
Cerebral palsy ANS✔✔ Injury to the immature brain caused by trauma or
injury
Increasing weight ANS✔✔ stress in weight-bearing joints
If you are heavier, nowadays, chances are you will
have more severe degenerative changes
Osteoporosis ANS✔✔ A consequence of longer lifespan
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
Live longer > Bone demineralization > Osteoporosis > Prone to Fragility
Fractures
MIPO (Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis) ANS✔✔ Put plate and screws
through around 2-3 openings > Minimizes blood loss and disruption of
periosteum so that healing will be better
- Arthroplasties
- Total prosthetic joint replacements (Hip, knee, shoulder, elbow, PIP)
ANS✔✔ Tx: Replacement of degenerative joints with the use (2)
Cast bracing ANS✔✔ More effective methods of non-operative treatment of
fractures
Mechanical and electrical spinal instrumentation ANS✔✔ Treatment for
scoliosis
Cast bracing ANS✔✔ More effective methods of non-operative treatment of
fractures
Electrical ANS✔✔ Stimulation of fracture healing
Continue passive motion ANS✔✔ repair/regeneration of articular cartilage
Microscopic surgery ANS✔✔ - Replantation of severed digits, limbs
- Transfer of vascularized bone grafts and musculocutaneous units
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