Exam (elaborations)
POLS 1101 - Final Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update
- Course
- POLS 1101
- Institution
- Georgia State University
POLS 1101 - Final Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update
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Solution 2024/2025Pepper
POLS 1101 - Final Exam Questions and
Answers Latest Update 2024-2025
Government
a set of institutions that endures overtime and that
authoritatively make and enforce laws
Executive Branch
a set of institutions that put laws into effect,
including military or police force
-> enforces law (physical force + action)
includes offices of President + Vice President and hundreds
of bureaucratic agencies (ex. Governor & Lieutenant Governor)
Legislative Branch
an institution of government that makes laws ("legislates")
-> makes laws
consists of a Senate + House of Representatives + Congress (ex.
Georgia General Assembly)
Judicial Branch
the branch of law consisting of courts of law
-> interprets law
includes the Supreme Court, including many lower courts (ex. Supreme
Court of Georgia)
Separation of Powers
legislative, executive, and judicial powers are exercised by three separate
branches of government
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
Power of the Purse
ability to influence behavior through financial means as a positive of
negative incentive
(Legislative Branch)
(i.e. taxing & spending)
Power of the Sword
ability to influence behavior by using physical force through
the police or military
(Executive Branch)
Affecting Hearts and Minds
this persuades people, or genuinely gives a feel of desire or duty
Positive Incentives
encourage action/behavior by offering rewards or payments
(the carrot)
Negative Incentives
discourage action/behavior by providing
undesirable consequences or punishments
(the stick)
Public Goods
goods that no one can be excluded from enjoying
Private Goods
goods that individuals can be excluded from enjoying
What does the provision of public goods have to do with collective action
problems and free riding?
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
the problem is that no one can demand payment in exchange
for their enjoyment, which gives individuals a strong temptation to "free
ride"
Why are peace and order considered public goods rather than private
goods?
wooaaa im so drunk haha lol wooaaa
Natural Rights
human/moral rights that all humans have, even when governments do
not recognize them
"life, liberty, & property"
Legal Rights
rights written in ordinary or constitutional law
Why are governments necessary in terms of securing rights?
Without governments, at least some individuals are likely to
violate the natural rights of others.
Governments can punish, thereby ensuring security in the future.
Limited Government
a principle of government that states the government must be empowered
to serve its legitimate purpose (i.e. protection of rights), but must also
be limited and controlled in its powers so that it does not pose a risk to
those rights
(ex. America, Canada, England, Japan, etc.)
Market
A system in which voluntary exchanges between private buyers and
sellers affect the price of goods + services sold.
(these prices then affect how many goods and services are produced)
State Socialism
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
an ideology that seeks the overthrow of market capitalism and replace
it with an equal society free of all class oppression
-> calls for government control of economic activity
- transform all of society into the working class and a single collective
- government dictates the working class revolution
- must overthrow market capitalism to address inequality
Democratic Socialism
well managed market capitalism can drive prosperity for everyone; calls
for substantial role by government in promoting equality
- considered progressives
- less trusting of large business corporations
- favor more extensive government spending on economic
security to lower & middle class
- promoted by AOC and Sanders
- government should not own the means of production
Why is there mainstream support in America for a market-based economy?
pogu
What are the two hallmarks of capitalism?
1.) means of production in the economy are privately owned
2.) owners of the means of production purchase labor hours from
workers in exchange for wages
What, according to James Madison, is the "great difficulty" one must
confront when "framing a government which is to be administered by
men over men"?
how a government can be empowered to make + enforce laws, but also
effectively bound by laws
How can a government be empowered and controlled?
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