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Programmed Cell Death: Apoptotic Process
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Lecture notes of 4 pages for the course CANCER BIOLOGY LECTURE NOTES at University of East Anglia (Types of Cell Death)
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L7: CELL DEATH [10/10/2022]I. CELL DEATH: can be caused by a lack of vital nutrients or growth factors or in response
to damage from physical or physiological insult.
Types of Cell Death:
- Necrosis
- Physiological Programmed Cell Death (PCD) including Apoptosis
- Mitotic Catastrophe
PCD/RCD (Regulated Cell Death)
- PCD is tightly regulated process in embryogenesis
Cell orchestrates its own death
- All multicellular organisms have mechanisms for killing their own cells, and use
physiological cell death for: defence, development, homeostasis, and ageing
- Active process requiring protein cleavage and many forms require ATP.
II. APOPTOSIS: condensation of chromatin and degradation in oligonucleosomal-sized
fragments, formation of plasma and nuclear membrane blebs and cell fragmentation
into apoptotic bodies. Rapid phagocytosis by neighbouring cells.
Zeiosis: membrane blebbing
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