Exam (elaborations)
CPSS 7 ABGs EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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CPSS 7 ABGs EXAM QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS 2024-2025
Review process of gas exchange
We inhale oxygen + it moves to lungs →
Alveoli (site of gas exchange): O2 (from lungs) and CO2 (in bloodstream) diffuse across
and switch places
Now oxygenated blood is delivered to tissues
After used by tissues, (RBCs/Hgb now deoxygenated), goes back to lungs where new O2
can diffuse + bind to it and start all over again
CO2 removed/diffuses across from bloodstream to alveoli and is exhaled out
Review metabolic acid-base disturbances
Acidosis = ↑ H+
Low bicarb, high protons
pH < 7.35
Alkalosis = ↓ H+
High bicarb, low protons
pH > 7.45
, Normal pH =
Values/ranges to know - PCO2, bicarb
7.35 - 7.45
PCO2 = 35-45 mmHg (40)
Bicarb = 22-26 (24)
Equation for ABGs + explain
pH = HCO3 / PCO2
Bicarb is a buffer that regulates pH
Disturbance in numerator = metabolic (buffering, kidney)
Denominator = respiratory (brain + lungs)
How to use equation to know what compensation should be for an acid-base
disturbance
HCO3 + PCO2 (compensation) ALWAYS move in the same direction***
In metabolic disturbances = pH moves in same direction as bicarb + PCO2
In respiratory = pH opposite direction
Metabolic acid-base disorder - primary disturbance involves ___ and compensation
involves? Explain
Bicarb altered; PCO2 compensates
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