Exam (elaborations)
PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 4 CH 32, 45, 46, 50 NUR138 ECPI QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 4 CH 32, 45, 46, 50 NUR138 ECPI QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
[Show more]
Content preview
PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 4 CH 32, 45, 46,50 NUR138 ECPI QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Gastric or duodenal ulcers that involve digestions of the GI mucosa by the enzyme
pepsin - Answer-peptic ulcer disease PUD
What are the types of acid-controlling drugs? - Answer-antacids
H2 antagonists
Proton pump inhibitors
Bacterium found in the GI tract of 90% of patients w/duodenal ulcers and 70% of
patients w/gastric ulcers: - Answer-helicobacter pylori (H.pylori)
What is the first line therapy for H.pylori? - Answer-treated with a proton pump inhibitor
PPI and antibiotics
GI lesions;
Decreased bloodflow;
Mucosal ischemia;
Hyperfusion;
Reperfusion injury
Can be caused by NG tube and/or ventilators - Answer-Stress-related mucosal damage
Many antacid medications also contain the antiflatuent drug ___. - Answer-simethicone
Many aluminum and calcium based antacid formulations also include ___ which
contributes to the acid neutralizing capacity and also counteracts the _____ effects of
aluminum and calcium. - Answer-magnesium; constipating
Basic compounds used to neutralize stomach acid;
Contain salts of aluminum, magnesium, calcium and/or sodium - Answer-antacids
Calcium antacids may lead to the development of _______ and increased gastric acid
secretions. - Answer-kidney stones
Patients with renal failure must avoid antacids containing what? - Answer-magnesium
Calcium
What is a highly soluble antacid form with a quick onset, but a short duration of action? -
Answer-sodium bicarbonate
What are the MOA for antacids? - Answer-neutralize acid secretions;
,Promote gastric mucosal defense mechanism;
Stimulate secretions of:
Mucus: protective barrier against HCI
Bicarbonate: buffer acidic properties of HCI
Prostaglandins: prevent activation of proton pump
What do antacids NOT do? - Answer-prevent the overproduction of acid
What are contraindications for antacid use? - Answer-known allergy;
Renal failure;
Electrolyte disturbances;
GI obstruction
Have a constipating effect;
Often recommended for patients w/renal failure (easily excreted) - Answer-aluminum
salts
Commonly causes diarrhea;
Contraindicated w/renal failure;
Milk of Magnesia - Answer-magnesium salts
H.pylori is believed to be the underlying cause behind most ulcers. (T or F) - Answer-
True
There is not any reason you cannot give a patient with heart failure sodium bicarbonate
antacids? (T or F) - Answer-False
What food/drink should be avoided if a patient is having trouble with stomach
acid/heartburn? - Answer-caffeine
Chocolate
Alcohol
Large fatty meals
What antacids are recommended if a patient has renal compromise because it is easily
excreted? - Answer-aluminum containing
Sodium containing
What might a patient experience if their ph <7.35? - Answer-excess hydrochloric acid
(HCI) secreted by parietal cells;
Heart burn
Ph has a normal range of? - Answer-7.35-7.45
What type of drug interaction takes place of the stomach acid ph is increased? -
Answer-increased absorption of basic drugs;
Decreased absorption of acidic drugs
, What type of drug interaction takes place if the stomach acid ph is decreased? -
Answer-decreased absorption of basic drugs;
Increased absorption of acidic drugs
What type of drug interaction occurs if the urinary ph is increased? - Answer-increased
excretion of acidic drugs;
Decreased excretion of basic drugs
What is the MOA for histamine2 receptor antagonists (H2 receptor blockers? - Answer-
block the H2 receptor of parietal cells;
Reduce hydrogen ion secretion from parietal cells;
Increase stomach ph
What has been shown to decrease the effectiveness of H2 receptor antagonists? -
Answer-smoking
What is Zollinger-Ellison syndrome? - Answer-rare condition characterized by gastrin-
producing tumors in the duodenum and/or pancreas that lead to over-secretion of
gastrin, which lead to gastric and duodenal ulcers
What is a common treatment for Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome, GERD, PUD, erosive
esophagitis, as an adjunct for GI bleeding ? - Answer-H2 receptor antagonists:
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Nizatidine (Axid)
Famotidine (Pepcid)
Ranitidine (Zantac)
Cimetidine (Tagamet) can cause issues with drugs that have a narrow therapeutic
range such as: - Answer-theophylline;
Warfarin;
Lidocaine;
Phenytoin
What is the MOA for proton pump inhibitors (PPI)? - Answer-prevent movement of
hydrogen ions from parietal cells into stomach;
Temporarily blocking all acid secretion
***should be taken on an empty stomach***
What is used as a short term treatment of active duodenal and benign gastric ulcers;
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, NSAID induced ulcers; prophylactic for stress ulcers? -
Answer-proton pump inhibitor PPI
Lansoprazole (prevacid)
Omeprazole (prilosec)
Rabeprazole (aciphex)
Pantaprazole (protonix)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller biggdreamer. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $17.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
71184 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now
