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NUR 2206 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) FINAL EXAM | PASSED | A+ RATED GUIDE | NEW FULL EXAM
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NUR 2206 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) FINAL EXAM | PASSED | A+ RATED GUIDE | NEW FULL EXAM
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NUR 2206 FINAL EXAM1. Surgical Asepsis
"Sterile Technique"
Items are free of all microorganisms including spores & viruses When do you use?
*Surgery
*Urinary Catheterization
*Wound Dressings
2. Principles of Surgical Asepsis
-Sterile packages are sealed in a way that they can be opened without contaminating contents
-Edges of wrapper (1 inch) would be considered NOT sterile
-Raise working surface to waist height
-Keep sterile items between your nipple line & waist
-If there is any doubt about sterility than it is considered unsterile
-NEVER turn your back on sterile field; considered contaminated if you do
3. Factors Affecting Skin Integrity
-Developmental Level
*Infants
thinner skin; susceptible to infection; lower immune system
*Older Adults
thinner skin; less subcutaneous fat
-Circulation
,*Mobility
more mobile = more circulation
*Nutrition/Hydration
heal better
-State of Health
*Physical Stature
-Medical Interventions
4. Wound Healing
-Intentional-planned
Surgery
-Unintentional
Accidental
-Open
Skin surface is broken
-Closed
Injury under skin (surface is intact; Ex. Bruise)
-Acute
Short (surgical incision generally)
*Heals as expected
,-Chronic
Non-healing or takes longer time to heal (Ex. Pressure Ulcer)
*Does NOT heal as expected
5. Factors Affecting Wound Healing
-Pressure to wound (decreased blood flow)
-Desiccation (dry wounds do not heal)
-Maceration (over hydrated skin; too wet)
-Trauma to wound (makes problem worse)
-Edema around the wound (slows down healing)
-Infection (body focuses on infection & less on wound healing)
-Necrosis (Dead Tissue
does not ever heal!)
-Age (can effect immunity)
-Circulation & Oxygenation
-Nutritional Status (protein is important)
-Wound Condition
-Medications & Health Status
6. Types of Wound Healing
Primary Secondary
Tertiary
7. Primary Wound Healing
Clean cut wounds Wound edges are well-approximated (close together) Ex. Surgical Cut
, 8. Secondary Wound Healing
Deep wound
Crater & skin fills back in as opposed to growing back together Ex. Pressure Ulcer & Burns
9. Tertiary Wound Healing
Need to delay closing a wound Delayed primary intention
Primary + secondary
*Start healing with secondary & then finishes with primary
*Fills in first & then comes together
Ex. Abdominal Wound kept open for drainage
10. Wound Complications
Infection Hemorrhage
Dehiscence Evisceration
11. Infection
-Bacteria enters the wound
-Can be hospital-acquired
-Sign & symptoms usually occur in 2-7 days
*Redness, warmth, swelling, pain, purulent drainage, increased WBCS, increased body
temperature
-Wound infection can lead to osteomyelitis or sepsis
*Need to treat ASAP
12. Hemorrhage
-Bleeding
*External or internal
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