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SPI 2025 Guaranteed A+ What is the effect of decreasing the transducer frequency on image quality? ️️Decreasing the transducer frequency improves penetration depth but reduces image resolution, making it better for imaging deeper structures. How does beam width impact lateral resolution...

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  • October 29, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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What is the effect of decreasing the transducer frequency on image quality?

✔️✔️Decreasing the transducer frequency improves penetration depth but reduces image resolution,
making it better for imaging deeper structures.



How does beam width impact lateral resolution?

✔️✔️Narrower beam width improves lateral resolution by providing clearer detail of structures
located side by side.



What causes acoustic shadowing, and how does it appear on an ultrasound image?

✔️✔️Acoustic shadowing occurs when sound waves are blocked by a dense structure like bone,
creating a dark shadow beyond the object.



Why is pulse inversion harmonics used in some ultrasound systems?

✔️✔️Pulse inversion harmonics enhances image quality by eliminating fundamental frequency
echoes, leaving only harmonic signals for clearer imaging.



Explain the purpose of the depth setting in ultrasound imaging.

✔️✔️The depth setting adjusts the maximum imaging distance, allowing visualization of deeper or
more superficial structures depending on the clinical need.



What is the primary advantage of using a higher transducer frequency?

✔️✔️Higher transducer frequency improves resolution, making it ideal for detailed imaging of
superficial structures.



Describe the main function of Doppler gain in ultrasound.

✔️✔️Doppler gain controls the brightness of the blood flow signals, improving visualization without
affecting the flow velocities.

,What is the role of tissue harmonic imaging?

✔️✔️Tissue harmonic imaging reduces artifacts and improves image resolution by utilizing higher
frequency echoes generated by the tissue.



How does the use of multiple focal zones affect image quality?

✔️✔️Multiple focal zones enhance image clarity at different depths but decrease frame rate,
impacting temporal resolution.



What is the impact of using a high frame rate in ultrasound?

✔️✔️High frame rates improve temporal resolution, allowing for clearer imaging of rapidly moving
structures, such as the heart.



How does time gain compensation (TGC) correct for attenuation?

✔️✔️TGC adjusts the amplification of echoes at different depths to create a uniformly bright image,
compensating for sound attenuation with depth.



What does the Doppler shift indicate in vascular imaging?

✔️✔️The Doppler shift reflects the change in frequency due to moving blood cells, which allows for
measurement of blood flow direction and velocity.



Explain the purpose of the Doppler angle in ultrasound.

✔️✔️The Doppler angle helps in calculating accurate blood flow velocities; it should ideally be
between 0° and 60° to minimize error.



How does refraction affect ultrasound images?

✔️✔️Refraction bends sound waves at tissue boundaries with different propagation speeds,
potentially causing structures to appear displaced.



What is the significance of the duty factor in ultrasound?

✔️✔️The duty factor is the fraction of time the transducer actively sends out pulses; lower duty
factors reduce patient exposure and prevent overheating.

, What role does the color Doppler scale play in imaging?

✔️✔️The color Doppler scale adjusts the velocity range shown, preventing aliasing by matching the
expected flow velocities within the selected range.



What is spatial compounding, and how does it improve ultrasound images?

✔️✔️Spatial compounding combines images from multiple angles, reducing speckle and enhancing
clarity, especially at tissue boundaries.



Why is lateral resolution typically poorer in the far field?

✔️✔️Beam divergence increases in the far field, reducing lateral resolution and making side-by-side
structures less distinct.



How does focusing affect beam width and lateral resolution?

✔️✔️Focusing narrows the beam width, improving lateral resolution at the focus point and enhancing
image sharpness in that region.



What is the purpose of the transmit gain control?

✔️✔️Transmit gain adjusts the intensity of sound waves sent into the tissue, affecting the brightness
and depth penetration of the echoes received.



Describe how aliasing appears on color Doppler.

✔️✔️Aliasing on color Doppler appears as abrupt color changes, indicating that the flow velocity
exceeds the Nyquist limit and wraps around.



What is the purpose of adjusting wall filter settings in Doppler ultrasound?

✔️✔️The wall filter removes low-frequency noise from tissue movement, improving the clarity of
blood flow signals.



Explain the concept of beam steering in ultrasound.

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