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HIUS 222 EXAM 2 Verified 2024
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HIUS 222 EXAM 2 Verified 2024
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HIUS 222 EXAM 2 Verified 2024"Lusitania Crime": - ANSWER-- "Queen of the Atlantic"
- Torpedoed by a German U-boat off the coast of Ireland on 7 May 1915
- Exploded and went down in 18 minutes
- 1,198 (out of 1,959) lost, including 128 Americans
"The Leisure Class": - ANSWER-- 1. They glorified the power of individual will, and
attributed the hardships of the poor not to an unfair economic system but to individual
shortcomings.
- 2. They departed from tradition and sent their sons out of the home at an early age.
- Instead of bringing in tutors to teach their children at home, they sent their sons off to
exclusive boarding schools in New England, such as Groton and St. Paul's.
- 3. They were unusually willing to break up the home.
- As late as 190, the divorce rate in the United States was less than 1%.
- 20% of the Americans worth $20 million or more who were born between 1865 and
1900 were divorced.
- 4. While the middle class glorified hard work, limited leisure time, and warily viewed
consumption, the upper class (by the end of the 19th century) concluded that life should
be about pleasure and the accumulation of wealth.
- 5. Used their free hours, days, and months to enjoy a host of pleasures: mansions,
yachts, private railway cars, horses, jewels, and art collections.
- Their homes demonstrated how the old standards of frugality and restraint had faded.
-- George Vanderbilt's Biltmore Estate, built in North Carolina in 1895, was the most
extraordinary.
- Required 24 servants and $300,00 a year to maintain.
"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz" by Lyman Frank Baum: - ANSWER-- Parable of the late
19th century American life:
- Scarecrow = American Farmer
- Tin Man = Disillusioned Industrial Worker
- Lion = William Jennings Bryan
- Wicked Witch of the East = Bankers
- Emerald City = Washington D. C.
- Wizard of Oz = President of the U.S.
- Yellow Brick Road = Gold Standard
1908 Presidential Campaign: - ANSWER-- 1908 was the first election in which both
candidates for President openly campaigned.
1912 Presidential Campaign: - ANSWER-- Roosevelt challenged Taft for the
Republican presidential nomination in 1912
America & World War I: - ANSWER-- In February 1917, Germany announced its
renewal of unrestricted submarine warfare
, - In early April, President Wilson appeared before Congress and asked for a declaration
of war against the Central Powers.
- Insisted the U.S. was entering the war to make the world "safe for democracy."
America at War, 1917-1918: - ANSWER-- In mid-March 1918, the Germans launched
five major attacks upon the Allies along the Western Front in France- Second Battle of
the Marne
- Entry of U.S. troops marked a turning point in the war, and turned the tide against the
Central Powers and toward the Allies.
- By fall 1918, the Allies were poised to invade Germany
- On 11 November 1918, Germany sued for peace and an armistice (or cease-fire) was
arranged.
- The war was over.
American movement toward the Allies: - ANSWER-- 1. Woodrow Wilson
- He was an admirer of the British system of government, and he was an advocate of
democracy around the world.
- 2. Common heritage and language
- The United States ultimately viewed the war through British lenses.
- 3. Economic interest
- American economy was booming in the 1910s.
- Europeans were killing each other and didn't have time for farming or industry
- Biggest client was Great Britain- spending $2 million per day
- By the end of 1915, the Wilson administration allowed American banks to loan money
to the British.
- To deny them loans would mean an Allied loss in the war, and an end to profits in
American industry and agriculture.
- 4. The German policy of unrestricted submarine warfare
- In 1914, the British instituted a naval blockade of Europe to starve Germany into
submission.
- Germany countered by using their submarine fleet against British supply vessels.
- As a neutral, the United States was caught between the British (and their violation of
American "free ships, free goods") and the Germans (and their use of terror on the high
seas).
Anti-Suffrage Arguments: - ANSWER-- 1. Women needed to fulfill their traditional (and
divinely ordained) roles in the home as wives and mothers.
- 2. A woman's higher spiritual nature would be corrupted by exposure to politics.
- 3. Women were physically incapable of undertaking the various duties associated with
voting- i.e. they were too emotional and illogical.
- 4. Women were exempt from the burden of voting.
- She was exempt so that she could devote her mind and her energies to those
vocations which most benefited society: in the home, bringing up children; outside the
home, philanthropy.
- 5. Doubling the electorate would increase the preponderance of the "undesirable"
voters.
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