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Samenvatting Hoofdstuk 6 inleiding tot biochemische processen
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Samenvatting Hoofdstuk 6 van het vak Chemie en Inleiding tot de biochemische processen. Dit omvat lesnotities, samengevatte cursus.
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H6: Lipiden en cellulaire membranen6.1 Inleiding
Lipiden als brandstof, energie opslaan of bescheming en
isolatie
Onderdeel cellulaire membraan: bv plasmamembraan
6.2 De fosfolipiden
Glycerfosfolipiden met glycerol als alcoholbouwsteen
Sfingolipiden met sfingosine als alcoholbouwsteen
Amfifiel karakter (zowel polair als apolair)
6.2.1 De glycerofosfolipiden
Glycerol (=glycerolruggengraat) + acylketen (VZketen) + hydroxylgroep met fosfaat dat
veresterd is met polair alcohol
Acylketen (rood kater) afk uit VZ
VZ zijn carbonzuren met carboxylgroep en lange Cketens
Acylketens steeds onvertakt en even aantal Catomen
Indien verestering vh glycerol doorgaat met onverzadigd VZ zijn dubbele bindingen
aanwezig
Dubbele binding: steeds cis
, Middelste C2 atoom is chiraal
Altijd L
Glycerofosfolipiden verschillen in X-groep
Indien fosfaat groep niet verder veresterd (X=H): fosfatidinezuur of fosfatidaat
Meestal draagt fosfaatgroep sterk polair substituent: choline, serine, ethanolamine of
inositol
Fosfatidylserine (PS); fosfatidylcholine (PC); fosfatidylethanolamine (PE) en
fosfatidylinositol (PI)
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