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Bio 270 Hynd Final Exam Study Guide Solutions

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  • Bio 270
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  • Bio 270

Bio 270 Hynd Final Exam Study Guide Solutions ____________ packages and labels hormones into secretory vesicles that are stored in cytoplasm until appropriate signal - ANSWER-Golgi Once formed, (steroids/peptides) immediately diffuse through plasma membrane to reach blood - ANSWER-steroids (St...

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  • October 30, 2024
  • 31
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Bio 270
  • Bio 270
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Emillect
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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




Bio 270 Hynd Final Exam Study Guide Solutions



____________ packages and labels hormones into secretory vesicles that are stored in cytoplasm until

appropriate signal - ANSWER✔✔-Golgi


Once formed, (steroids/peptides) immediately diffuse through plasma membrane to reach blood -

ANSWER✔✔-steroids


(Steroids/Peptides) dissolve in blood - ANSWER✔✔-Peptides, steroids cannot since they are hydrophobic


Only the (bound/unbound) hormones are active and capable of binding with target cell receptors -

ANSWER✔✔-unbound


50% of _____________ are free hormones and 50% bound to albumin - ANSWER✔✔-Catecholamines


__________________ and ________________ bind with receptors on the target cells outer plasma

membrane surface - ANSWER✔✔-Peptide hormones and Catecholamines


Steroid and thyroid hormones bind to target cells' _____________________ receptors - ANSWER✔✔-

intracellular... because they are lipophilic/hydrophobic and easily penetrate the lipid membrane of target

cell




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Hydrophilic hormones (peptides) alter the cell's protein in which one of 2 ways? - ANSWER✔✔-Peptides

modify PREEXISTING protein while steroids make a completely new protein


Hormones' effects are proportional to their ... - ANSWER✔✔-free concentration in the plasma

(unbound)!!!!


Plasma concentration under ___________________ control - ANSWER✔✔-homeostatic


Plasma concentration of free (active) hormones depends on: - ANSWER✔✔-1) Rate of secretion into the

blood




2) Rate of metabolic activation/conversion




3) Binding to plasma proteins (lipophilic hormones only)




4) Rate of removal by inactivation and excretion in urine


What is the endocrine disorder - "Abnormal target cell responsiveness" - ANSWER✔✔-Target cells do not

respond adequately to the hormone




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- Active free hormone concentration normal(or


even high!)


What type of tissue is the anterior pituitary made of? - ANSWER✔✔-Glandular tissue


What type of tissue is the posterior pituitary made of? - ANSWER✔✔-Neural tissue


ADH is a (anterior/posterior) pituitary hormone that does what? - ANSWER✔✔-Posterior Pituitary




-Conserves water during urine formation




-Causes contraction of arteriolar smooth muscle




-Release controlled by hypothalamic


osmoreceptors


Oxytocin is a (anterior/posterior) pituitary hormone that does what? - ANSWER✔✔-Anterior Pituitary




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-Stimulates contraction of uterine smooth muscle




-Stimulates milk ejection from mammary glands




-Other maternal behaviors


Regulation of secretion of anterior pituitary hormones controlled by _______________________

hormones released from __________________ cells of hypothalamus - ANSWER✔✔-hypophysiotropic,

neurosecretory


The neurosecretory cells are longer in the (anterior/posterior) pituitary? - ANSWER✔✔-posterior


Posterior pituitary hormones are synthesized ____________ and stored ___________. - ANSWER✔✔-

synthesized in the hypothalamus, and stored in the posterior pituitary


Fetal growth stimulated by ... - ANSWER✔✔-hormones from placenta


GH's non tropic function: - ANSWER✔✔-Metabolic




-Binds directly to adipose tissue to breakdown triglycerides into fatty acids & use of liberated fatty acids

as an energy source

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