NUR 2392 Multidimensional Care II Exam 2
1. Uncompensated
Answer
pH and one other value is abnormal
2. Partial compensation
Answer
pH, CO2, and HCO3 are all off
3. Full compensation
Answer
pH is normal
4. Acidosis
Answer
reduces the excitability of cardiovascular muscle, neurons, skeletal muscle, and smooth muscle.
5. Alkalosis
Answer
increases the sensitivity of excitable tissues allowing them to OVER- RESPOND without
stimulation
,6. ABG considerations
Answer
- Assess cardiovascular w/ acidosis (cardiac arrest from hyperkalemia)
- Assess neuro status
- Fall precautions
7. Bicarb HC03
Answer
kidney compensation (slow and powerful)
8. Respiratory PaC02
Answer
Respiratory compensation (fast but limited)
9. Metabolic acidosis causes
Answer
DKA, Starvation, diarrhea, kidney failure, dehydration, liver failure, pancreatitis, heavy
exercise, seizure activity, fever, hypoxia, ischemia, ethanol/methanol intoxication
10. Metabolic acidosis signs and symptoms
Answer
bradycardia, hypotension, thready pulse, CNS depression, hyporeflexia, kussmal resp (with
resp compensation), warm, flushed, dry skin.
, 11. Metabolic acidosis treatment
Answer
hydration and medication to treat underlying problems (DKA - give insulin).
12. Metabolic alkalosis causes
Answer
antacids, blood transfusion, sodium bicarbonate, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), prolonged
vomiting, nasogastric suctioning, hypercortisolism, hyperaldosteronism, Loop/Thiazide
diuretics.
13. Metabolic Alkalosis s/s
Answer
anxiety, irritability, tetany, seizures, POSITIVE CHVOSTEK, POSITIVE TROUSSEAU,
parathesis, hyperreflexia, muscle cramping/twitching, skeletal muscle weakness, Tachycardia,
norm/low BP, increased Digoxin toxicity, decreased respiratory effort (muscle weakness).
14. metabolic alkalosis treatment
Answer
restore fluid/electrolyte imbalances
15. Respiratory acidosis cause
Answer
Opioids, anesthetics, electrolyte imbalance, in- adequate chest expansion, muscle weakness,
airway obstruction, alveolar-capillary block.
1. Uncompensated
Answer
pH and one other value is abnormal
2. Partial compensation
Answer
pH, CO2, and HCO3 are all off
3. Full compensation
Answer
pH is normal
4. Acidosis
Answer
reduces the excitability of cardiovascular muscle, neurons, skeletal muscle, and smooth muscle.
5. Alkalosis
Answer
increases the sensitivity of excitable tissues allowing them to OVER- RESPOND without
stimulation
,6. ABG considerations
Answer
- Assess cardiovascular w/ acidosis (cardiac arrest from hyperkalemia)
- Assess neuro status
- Fall precautions
7. Bicarb HC03
Answer
kidney compensation (slow and powerful)
8. Respiratory PaC02
Answer
Respiratory compensation (fast but limited)
9. Metabolic acidosis causes
Answer
DKA, Starvation, diarrhea, kidney failure, dehydration, liver failure, pancreatitis, heavy
exercise, seizure activity, fever, hypoxia, ischemia, ethanol/methanol intoxication
10. Metabolic acidosis signs and symptoms
Answer
bradycardia, hypotension, thready pulse, CNS depression, hyporeflexia, kussmal resp (with
resp compensation), warm, flushed, dry skin.
, 11. Metabolic acidosis treatment
Answer
hydration and medication to treat underlying problems (DKA - give insulin).
12. Metabolic alkalosis causes
Answer
antacids, blood transfusion, sodium bicarbonate, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), prolonged
vomiting, nasogastric suctioning, hypercortisolism, hyperaldosteronism, Loop/Thiazide
diuretics.
13. Metabolic Alkalosis s/s
Answer
anxiety, irritability, tetany, seizures, POSITIVE CHVOSTEK, POSITIVE TROUSSEAU,
parathesis, hyperreflexia, muscle cramping/twitching, skeletal muscle weakness, Tachycardia,
norm/low BP, increased Digoxin toxicity, decreased respiratory effort (muscle weakness).
14. metabolic alkalosis treatment
Answer
restore fluid/electrolyte imbalances
15. Respiratory acidosis cause
Answer
Opioids, anesthetics, electrolyte imbalance, in- adequate chest expansion, muscle weakness,
airway obstruction, alveolar-capillary block.
