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Nutritional Foundations and Clinical Applications 7th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 01: Wellness Nutrition
Grodner et al.: Nutritional Foundations and Clinical Applications: A Nursing
Approach, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Examples of informal education include
a. attending a workshop on coronary artery disease sponsored by the American Heart
Association.
b. watching a television show about diabetes.
c. learning about food safety techniques in a high school economics course.
d. joining a support group to help overcome an eating disorder.
ANS: B
Watching a television show about diabetes is an example of informal education because it is
an experience that occurs through a daily activity. Attending a workshop or joining a support
group would be considered nonformal education; a high school course would be considered
formal education.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: Page 13
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. A college student exercises regularly and generally eats a healthy variety of foods, is taking a
course in general nutrition, buys locally produced food whenever possible, is an active
member of an on-campus faith-based organization, and keeps a journal to help process her
emotions. What else could be important for her to include in her life in order to develop her
overall wellness?
a. Growing some of her own food
b. Keeping a food record to help evaluate what she eats
c. Eating meals with friends throughout the week
d. Meeting with a registered dietitian to review her food choices
ANS: C
, Nutritional Foundations and Clinical Applications 7th Edition Test Bank
Wellness enhances a person’s level of health through development of each of the six
dimensions of health: physical health, intellectual health, emotional health, social health,
spiritual health, and environmental health. Exercise and eating a healthy variety of foods help
develop physical health; taking a course in general nutrition helps develop intellectual health;
buying locally produced food helps develop environmental health; being part of a faith-based
organization helps develop spiritual health; and keeping a journal helps develop emotional
health. The missing dimension in this example is development of social health; eating meals
with friends throughout the week would add this dimension. Growing her own food would be
another example of environmental health; keeping a food record would be another contributor
to physical health; and meeting with a registered dietitian may contribute to physical,
intellectual, and emotional health.
3. For a client who is missing meals because of poor planning or is too busy to eat, emotional
health can be affected by _____, which can cause confusion or anxiety.
a. low blood sugar levels
b. high blood sugar levels
c. high blood pressure
d. extremely low blood pressure
ANS: A
Poor eating habits affect emotional health. Missing meals may cause blood sugar levels to
decrease, which can cause anxiety or confusion or make difficult to control emotions. Late
night binges on snack food are likely to result in excessive energy intake but would have a
less direct effect on emotional health. Eating small meals throughout the day is likely to
maintain more constant blood sugar levels, which would actually have a positive effect on
emotional health. Excessive caffeine consumption may contribute to anxiety, but 2 cups of
caffeinated coffee is not considered excessive.
4. The best example of the type of concern that is likely to be addressed by the U.S. Department
of Health and Human Services when target goals for Healthy People 2030 are updated is
a. preference for vegetarian eating patterns among white women.
b. low intake of fruits and vegetables by African American children.
c. widespread use of bottled water in higher socioeconomic groups.
d. common use of protein and vitamin supplements in athletes.
ANS: B
Healthy People is used to set targets for health promotion to improve the health of all
individuals. It addresses environmental and social issues that affect health outcomes. Low
intake of fruits and vegetables by African American children is likely to have an adverse
effect on their health and so may be addressed when target goals are set. Vegetarian eating
patterns, use of bottled water, and use of protein and vitamin supplements do not necessarily
have an adverse effect on nutritional health and so are less likely to be addressed.
, Nutritional Foundations and Clinical Applications 7th Edition Test Bank
5. An example of community support for health promotion is
a. teaching a young mother skills in safe food preparation.
b. watching a television documentary about industry errors in food processing.
c. labeling fresh poultry packages with information about proper food storage.
d. being aware that Salmonella can be transmitted because of inadequate food
preparation.
ANS: C
Food labeling information is an example of community support because it is a regulatory
measure that supports new health-promoting behaviors within a social context. Teaching,
watching television, and awareness may increase knowledge, but they do not alter the social
context by regulation or environmental change.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: Page 8
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
6. An example of a technique for health promotion is
a. exercising five times a week.
b. local supermarkets’ expanding the availability of fresh fruits and vegetables.
c. teaching a teenager how to choose healthier foods at fast-food restaurants.
d. information about the relationship of dietary intake and diet-related disorders.
ANS: C
Health promotion consists of strategies that are designed to improve the health of individuals,
families, groups, and communities, such as teaching a teenager how to choose healthier fast
foods. Exercising regularly contributes to wellness, but it is not bringing about a change in
health unless this is a change in behavior. Stocking a wider availability of fresh produce does
not promote health, unless the supermarket uses specific strategies to encourage consumption.
Information about the relationship between nutrients and disease is simply information unless
it is used to promote behavior change.
7. For the efficient functioning and maintenance of the body, a person needs to consume
sufficient amounts of
a. fiber.
b. nutrients.
c. minerals.
d. supplements.
ANS: B
The body needs sufficient amounts of all nutrients for efficient functioning and maintenance.
Both fiber and minerals are needed, but each represents only one type of nutrient.
Supplements are not always necessary because sufficient nutrients can often be obtained from
food.
8. A nurse has just been assigned to a community health program for older adults. She should
check the document Healthy People 2020 to become familiar with
a. nutrition priorities and goals for older American adults.
, Nutritional Foundations and Clinical Applications 7th Edition Test Bank
b. dietary standards for Americans older than 50 years.
c. dietary guidelines recommended for older adults.
d. MyPlate recommendations for older adults.
ANS: A
Healthy People 2020 focuses on targets and goals for improving the health of the nation. The
nurse would check the Dietary Reference Intakes for information about dietary standards. The
Dietary Guidelines for Americans and MyPlate are separate documents from Healthy People
2020 and focus on specific advice and guidelines for healthy eating.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: Pages 8-10 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
9. A healthy female middle-aged client asks what she can do to prevent the development of type
2 diabetes. Weight control and nutrition strategies discussed are considered
a. primary treatment.
b. primary prevention.
c. secondary prevention.
d. tertiary prevention.
ANS: B
Action to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes is considered primary prevention.
Secondary prevention involves early detection to halt and minimize the effects of the disease,
and tertiary prevention minimizes complications and helps restore health after the disorder has
developed. “Primary treatment” is not a recognized term.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: Page 11 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
10. As a home health care nurse, you are visiting a 70-year-old client who has just returned home
from the hospital after being treated for coronary artery disease. The medical nutrition therapy
developed for him by the hospital dietitian is considered
a. palliative care.
b. primary prevention.
c. secondary prevention.
d. tertiary prevention.
ANS: D
This is an example of tertiary prevention, which entails minimizing complications and helping
restore health after heart disease has developed. Primary prevention would occur before the
disease developed, and secondary prevention would involve early detection to minimize the
effects of the disease. Palliative care is intended only to minimize symptoms.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: Page 12 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
11. A nutrient that can be made by the body is called
a. essential.
b. complete.
c. incomplete.
d. nonessential.
ANS: D
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