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BMS 602 Final Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved | Graded A+
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BMS 602 Final Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved | Graded A+ What cells present antigen via MHC II? (What cells are Antigen Presenting Cells/APCs)? - Macrophages and dendritic cells (both derive from monocytes) B-cells All of these cells load their antigens onto MHC II proteins in the pha...

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  • October 30, 2024
  • 33
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
BMS 602 Final Exam Questions and

Answers 100% Solved | Graded A+


What cells present antigen via MHC II? (What cells are Antigen Presenting

Cells/APCs)? - ✔✔Macrophages and dendritic cells (both derive from

monocytes)



B-cells



All of these cells load their antigens onto MHC II proteins in the phagosome

Types of T cells - ✔✔CD8/Killer T cells: in response to antigen binding,

secretes chemical to kill cells infected by intracellular pathogen



CD4/Helper T cell: stimulate B-cell antibody production via cell-cell

interaction. Further defined by the types of cytokines they release.

TH0 cells are the initial response, releases cytokines and can be

transferred to TH1 or TH2

,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
TH1 cells produce IFNgamma to activate macrophages and dendritic cells,

promotes intracellular (viral/bacterial) response and fungal response

TH2 cells stimulate antibody production, creates memory T-cells

Classes/isotypes of antibodies - ✔✔IgG (FIXES COMPLEMENT, most

common antibody)



IgA (ON MUCOUS MEMBRANES, doesn't fix complement)



IgM (FIXES COMPLEMENT)



IgD (receptor on B-cells)



IgE

Complement System - ✔✔Classical Complement Activation: Uses all

components C1-C9. ANTIBODY DEPENDENT, starts with C1 binding

antibody that is bound to bacterial surface.



Alternative Complement Activation: Free circulating C3b binds surface of

bacterial cell. Required FACTOR B, FACTOR D, C3 (a+b), C5 (a+b)

,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Mannose-Binding Lectin Activation: macrophage phagocytosis releases

cytokines that tells the liver to make lectin (which binds bacterial surface

mannose). Uses C2, C4, C3 (convertase, a, and b), and C5

Strep pyogenes treatment - ✔✔penicillin, amoxicillin, or cephalosporin

Strep pyogenes Virulence Factors - ✔✔Group specific carbohydrate

(Lancefield Antigen)



Fimbriae/pili



F protein (binds fibronectin to adhere to respiratory cells)



M protein (adhesion, inhibits C3b binding which inhibits opsonization)



Capsule



C5a peptidase (ScpA)

Strep toxins - ✔✔Streptolysin S (SLS) cytotoxin that disrupts membranes,

nonimmunogenic

, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Streptolysin O (SLO) cytotoxin that forms pore to lyse cell, very

immunogenic (causes beta hemolysis)



Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins (SpeA-D) acts as superantigen, need

one of these to be able to cause Scarlet Fever, Streptococcal Toxic Shock

Like Syndrome, and Necrotizing Fasciitis

Staph aureus treatments - ✔✔Flucloxacillin



For MRSA: vancomycin

Strep pyogenes diseases - ✔✔Pharyngitis



Scarlet Fever (untreated infection by strain that has Spe toxin):

characterized by strawberry tongue, rashes on chest and extremities



Rheumatic fever



Necrotizing fasciitis

Strep pyogenes diagnosis - ✔✔Rapid antigen test (tests for Lancefield A

antigen by swabbing oropharynx)

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