Exam (elaborations)
PHIL 2200 Final Exam Questions And Answers Latest Update
- Course
- PHL 2200
- Institution
- Wayne State University
PHIL 2200 Final Exam Questions And Answers Latest Update
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Solution 2024/2025Pepper
PHIL 2200 Final Exam Questions And Answers
Latest Update
"We must use time creatively, in the knowledge that the time is always ripe
to do right. Now is the time to make real the promise of democracy . . . Now
is the time to lift our national policy from the quicksand of racial injustice to
the solid rock of human dignity." ANS✔✔ Martin Luther King Jr.
"Land, then, is not merely soil; it is a fountain of energy flowing through a
circuit of soils, plants, and animals. Food chains are the living channels
which conduct energy upward; death and decay return it to the soil."
ANS✔✔ Aldo Leopold
"Whether we're arguing about financial bailouts or Purple Hearts, surrogate
motherhood or same-sex marriage, affirmative action or military service,
CEO pay or the right to use a golf cart, questions of justice are bound up
with competing notions of honor and virtue, pride and recognition." ANS✔✔
Michael Sandel
What are two ways Kant formulates the "categorical imperative"? ANS✔✔
Only act upon a maxim that could be a universal law. Principal of humanity-
treat humanity as an end, never merely as a means.
What is the "principle of utility"? ANS✔✔ The principle of utility states that
actions or behaviors are right in so far as they promote happiness or
pleasure, wrong as they tend to produce unhappiness or pain. Hence, utility
is a teleological principle (consequentialist).
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
What does Levinas mean by "appropriation," and why does he see
appropriation as a systemic ethical problem in western culture? (see Adkins,
p. 138) ANS✔✔ Appropriation is basically the concept of stereotyping. It is
generalizing someone or something without having a true understanding of
the individual. It has led to an age of philosophers who are unable to
effectively reason due to the limitations of generalizations. An summary of
the systemic character of appropriation is found in Adkins, p. 138. I highly
recommend reading this page carefully.
In what way does the parable of the Good Samaritan illustrate Levinas's
ethical ideal? ANS✔✔ Helping another person should not be dependent on
whether they are from a different category or not. One should help another
person in order to justify your existence, no matter who they are. Also, the
good Samaritan provided help without expecting anything in return, and this
illustrates Levinas's ideal of a non-appropriating, asymmetrical relation to
the other.
How would two philosophers we have studied define prosperity? ANS✔✔
Aristotle - flourishing A helpful discussion of Aristotle's understanding of
flourishing is found in Adkins, p. 15.
Leopold would argue that by acknowledging the land alongside our growth
as a society will benefit us more (and allow thorough prosperity.) For
Leopold, a condition for human prosperity is to "examine each question in
terms of what is ethically and esthetically right, as well as what is
economically expedient." (Leopold 224)
What are the 4 noble truths of Buddhism? ANS✔✔ Life has inevitable
suffering.
Suffering is caused by people's desire for power and greed.
Suffering and sorrow will end when people overcome greed = Nirvana.
People can overcome greed by following the Eightfold Path.
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