Exam (elaborations)
APEA- PATHO PULM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 2025
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APEA- PATHO PULM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 2025
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APEA- PATHO PULM QUESTIONS ANDVERIFIED ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2025
The most common cause of croup is:
Bordetella pertussis.
parainfluenza virus.
coronavirus.
Haemophiles influenzae. - ANSWER parainfluenza virus.
Results from spirometry testing of a 60-year-old man indicate an FEV1/FVC <70%,
30% FEV1 <80% predicted. Given these results, expected symptoms in this patient
would include:
shortness of breath and pursed lip breathing at rest.
productive cough and dyspnea on exertion.
decreased pulses and peripheral edema.
bradycardia with tachypnea. - ANSWER productive cough and dyspnea on
exertion.
Findings of FEV1/FVC <70%, 30% FEV1 <80% predicted suggest the presence of
moderate COPD. Symptoms include cough, sputum production, and dyspnea on
exertion. Symptoms of pursed lip breathing at rest, decreased pulses, peripheral
edema, and tachycardia with tachypnea suggest severe COPD.
Annual influenza vaccination is necessary due to:
,active immunity.
passive immunity.
adaptive immunity.
antigenic variation. - ANSWER antigenic variation.
Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of pulmonary edema?
Foul-smelling, blood-tinged sputum
Red or green sputum that contains pus
A cough that produces pink, frothy sputum
A frequent cough that is dry and nonproductive - ANSWER A cough that
produces pink, frothy sputum
Pulmonary edema is a condition in which fluid leaks into the alveolar spaces due
to hemodynamic causes such as left heart failure or pulmonary venous
obstruction. This obstruction causes microvascular injury or increased capillary
permeability, resulting in pink, frothy sputum (hemoptysis).
Acute respiratory consequences of pulmonary embolism include:
endothelial injury.
turbulence of blood flow.
hypercoagulability.
pulmonary infarction. - ANSWER pulmonary infarction.
The other 3 factors predispose a patient to blood clot formation
, Acute respiratory consequences of pulmonary embolism (PE) include: increased
alveolar dead space; hypoxemia; hyperventilation; loss of surfactant; and
pulmonary infarction.
A common assessment finding in patients with cystic fibrosis is steatorrhea due to:
hyperalgesia.
pancreatic insufficiency.
short gut syndrome.
increased intestinal mobility. - ANSWER pancreatic insufficiency.
Symptoms of cystic fibrosis include bulky, oily, foul-smelling stool (steatorrhea)
resulting from an inability to absorb fats. Intestinal obstruction and mechanical
problems are due to pancreatic insufficiency with atrophy, as well as obstructive
cirrhosis and hypoplastic gallbladder.
An acute hemodynamic consequence of a pulmonary embolism that may cause
significant mortality is:
pulmonary hypertension.
right ventricular failure.
pleural effusion.
pulmonary infarction. - ANSWER right ventricular failure.
Pulmonary infarction is usually reversible, if caught & intervention is early
Inflammation of the bronchioles and trachea that usually follows an upper
respiratory tract infection in adults is:
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