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PCB 3063 Exam #1 – FSU Study Guide Solutions

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PCB 3063 Exam #1 – FSU Study Guide Solutions Phenotype - ANSWER-observable trait genotype - ANSWER-set of alleles for a trait carried by an organism The Central Dogma - ANSWER-DNA to Phenotype Transcription - ANSWER-Dna to Rna Translation - ANSWER-RNA to protien sickle cell anemia - ANSWER...

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  • October 30, 2024
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PCB 3063 Exam #1 – FSU Study Guide

Solutions


Phenotype - ANSWER✔✔-observable trait


genotype - ANSWER✔✔-set of alleles for a trait carried by an organism


The Central Dogma - ANSWER✔✔-DNA to Phenotype


Transcription - ANSWER✔✔-Dna to Rna


Translation - ANSWER✔✔-RNA to protien


sickle cell anemia - ANSWER✔✔-mutant for hemoglobin


What two proteins are in hemoglobin - ANSWER✔✔-alpha and beta


Which hemoglobin protein is mutated in sickle cell anemia? - ANSWER✔✔-Beta protein


What happens when the beta protein is mutated in sickle cell anemia? - ANSWER✔✔--low oxygen


-distorts cell shape




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-fragile cells


-cells block flow in capillaries


Biotechnology - ANSWER✔✔-use of recombinant DNA technology and molecular techniques to make

products


Genetic Transmission - ANSWER✔✔-transmission of genetic material between parental and daughter

cells (must be precise)


Genetic transmission in prokaryotes - ANSWER✔✔--Lack of nuclear envelope and membrane bound

organelles


-nucleoid (bacterial chromosome)


-circular


-attached to cell membrane


-DNA replicates and splits to daughter cells


Genetic transmission eukaryotes - ANSWER✔✔-membrane bound organelles, chromosomes in nucleus,

and the centrioles are important


Centrioles - ANSWER✔✔-Component of centrosomes, involved in organizing spindle fibers




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Spindle - ANSWER✔✔-a microtubule structure that attaches to the kinetochore, directs the

chromosomes to opposite poles


Mitosis - ANSWER✔✔-production of two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as

parents cell (2n);




multicellular organisms begin life as a fertilized egg (zygote).


Somatic cell division - ANSWER✔✔-all cells contain the same number of chromosomes


Karyotype - ANSWER✔✔-matches up homologous chromosomes


X & Y exception - ANSWER✔✔-x and y chromosomes are not in a homologous pair, this is an exception


Locus - ANSWER✔✔-position of a gene


Alleles - ANSWER✔✔-different forms of a gene


Formation of gametes - ANSWER✔✔-the exception of mitosis because they do not form through mitosis


Interphase - ANSWER✔✔-chromosomes uncoiled as chromatin


Prophase - ANSWER✔✔-chromosomes condense; centrioles divide


Prometaphase - ANSWER✔✔-chromosomes become obvious; centrioles go to the poles
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