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CMN574- Unit 1: Cardiac Exam
Questions and Answers 100% Solved
OTC analgesics - ✔✔- Ibuprofen (Pericarditis)
- Naproxen
- Acetaminophen
- ASA (Pericarditis, Acute MI)
*contraindications*
avoid NSAIDS with HFrEF (Heart Failure Reduced Ejection Fraction)
Mineralcorticoid Receptor (MR) agonist - ✔✔- Sprinolcatone (K+ sparing)
- Eplerenone
*indications*
Inhibits aldosterone, symtomatic HFrEF, used as add on to diuretic, ACE,
ARB, or ARNI and BB.
*contraindications*
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hyperkalemia. monitor K levels 2-3 days, 1wk, and 4wk.
SE: hyperkalemia, gynecomastia
Normal K+ = 3.5-5.0meq
Loop Diuretic - ✔✔- Lasix (severe HF)
*contraindications*
caution w/ dig can cause hypokalemia
SE: intravascular volume depletion (IVVD), prerenal azotemia ,
hypotension, hypokalemia, skin rash, GI, ototoxicity
L=L
ACEI - ✔✔- Lisinopril
- Captopril
*indications*
1st line CHF, reduce systemic vascular resistance (SVR), antagonize
RAAS, reduce LV remodeling.
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HTN, CAD, DM, CKD, HFpEF, MI, HFrEF
*contraindications*
acute renal failure, hyperkalemia, hx angioedema
SE: angioedema, dry cough, renal failure, cough, hyperkalemia
ARB - ✔✔- Valsartan
- Candesartan
*indications*
same as ACEI, but do not use both together.
1st line CHF, reduce systemic vascular resistance (SVR), antagonize
RAAS, reduce LV remodeling.
HTN, CAD, DM, CKD, HFpEF, MI, HFrEF
*contraindications*
renal insufficiency, elevated K
SE: angioedema (less freq), hyperkalemia
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ARB-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) - ✔✔- Sacubitril-Valsartan
*indications*
HFrEF, decrease CV death & hospitalization for HF by 20%, for
symptomatic HF on BB, ACE, & mineralocorticoid, SBP> 100, gfr >30
BB - ✔✔*indications*
Reduce HR, Cardiac force, BP, systemic vascular resistance, prevention
only, increase EF by 10%, reduce LV size and mass in HF, HFpEF, MI,
angina
*contraindications*
do not use in acute CHF, unstable HF. Start low and increase. can worsen
symptoms
SE: decrease Left Ventricular Failure (LVF), bradycardia, AV block
Inotrope/Pressor, antiarrhythmia - ✔✔- digoxin
*indications*
inhibits Na/K ATPase, increases intracellular NA, less excretion of calcium
through the Ca/Na cotransporter, increases strength of contractions,
