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PSYC304 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers

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PSYC304

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PSYC304

PSYC304 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers skin is divided into... - CORRECT ANSWER- hairy and glabourous (non-hairy) skin classical submodalities - CORRECT ANSWER- touch, temperature, pain, and itch (pruritus) first sensory responses observed in fetus - CORRECT ANSWER- ...

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Uploaded on October 31, 2024
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Institution PSYC304
Course PSYC304

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PSYC304 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
skin is divided into... - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔hairy and glabourous (non-hairy) skin

classical submodalities - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔touch, temperature, pain, and itch
(pruritus)

first sensory responses observed in fetus - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔responses by 8 weeks

cortisol and endorphin responses seen early

mechanoreceptors - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔responsive to pressure, stretching, vibration

temperature receptors - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔responsive to heat and cold

chemical receptors - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔responsive to inflammation, itch, tissue
damage

merkel receptors (with tactile disks) - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔superficial layers, small
receptive fields, slow adapting fires as long as the stimulus is applied

fine detail of contact

tactile disk goes up and gets signal from merkel cells

meissner corpuscles - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔superficial layers, small receptive fields,
FAST adapting, fires to transitions of the stimulus (at onset and at offset)

control of grip pressure

,ruffini cylinders - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔deeper layers, larger receptive fields, slow
adapting, fires continuously with application of stimulus (SUSTAINED)

skin stretching

pacinian corpuscles - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔deeper layers of glaborous skin, large
receptive fields, FAST adapting, fires with transitions of the stimulus.

wrappings allow vibration to pass through to stimulate the nerve fiber but sustained pressure
is not registered

sensing vibration

vibrations on palms and soles of feet important bc vibration can create grip on the floor

two-point discrimination test - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔judgement of whether one was
touched at one location or two

ex: one/two pins on a palm

"spatial resolution" and size of receptive fields of neurons at that skin location

grating discrimination test - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔subject judges at what orientation the
bars of the grating are tilted

Merkel disks can deliver info about stimulus whereas pacininan corpuscles are not providing
a useful signal

fingers have... - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔SMALL receptive fields. low threshold for two-
point discrimination (around 2 mm)

smallest is about the size of the fingertip

,neurons on torso have... - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔LARGE receptive fields, high threshold
for two-point discrimination

basket endings (hair receptors) - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔an experiment was done to test if
these can be treated like fibers that provide sensory information

cut the tip of the hair off and stick it somewhere else --> skin still senses it.

so...basket endings may be a motor fiber that controls sweating or maybe they lift hair up (in
insulation or aggression)

_____ is the primary stimulus for itch - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔histamine

released in response to various agents that induce tissue inflammation

skin and pleasure - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Researchers are beginning to classify slow
responding (C fiber) tactile input,
especially from hairy skin, as having an affective (emotional) role rather than an informative
one. They go so far as to suggest that this submodality of sensory
information is to provide pleasure and comfort from social contact.

krause end bulbs - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔perceive cold

discovered by von frey

ruffini endings - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔perceive warmth

discovered by von frey

free nerve endings - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔fill the skin with fine, unmyelinated fibers

, ______
von frey said only places that generated pain were filled with free nerve endings. took a pig
bristle, dipped in hot water, put on cornea --> pain. did the same with cold water --> pain.
concluded that he thought that the cornea only had free nerve endings, so free nerve endings
are pain receptors (he was wrong)

_____
skin of ear lobe only has free nerve endings, but it can respond to several submodalities
(TEMPORAL CODE? NOPE) --> maybe PATTERN THEORY

temporal code - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔spacing among successive spikes in AP would
provide a message with each stimulus producing a unique temporal pattern

pattern theory - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔cross-comparison of signals to derive an
interpretation of the nature of the stimulus --> inferring the perception from the pattern of
mixed responses being delivered

warm and cold fibers - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔have very small receptive fields with little
or no overlap among neighbouring fields

fire at a particular frequency for constant skin temperatures and provide a signal if there's a
skin temperature change

cold: responds to menthol
warm: responds to capsaicin

cold fibers start firing again at very high temperatures during which warm fibers also fire -->
DANGER!

why do cold and warm fibers both fire at high temperatures? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔this is dangerous

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