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Summary A Level Biology notes - Unit 16 Selection and Evolution $7.99   Add to cart

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Summary A Level Biology notes - Unit 16 Selection and Evolution

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A Level Biology Notes: Unit 16 - Selection and Evolution Delve into the fascinating processes of selection and evolution with these comprehensive Level Biology notes for Unit 16! Perfect for students aiming to understand the mechanisms that drive the diversity of life on Earth. Natural Select...

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  • October 31, 2024
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Chapter 17 Selection and evolution

17 1 variation differences that exist between individuals
of a species intraspecific variation

Phenotypic Variation difference in phenotypes between
organisms of the same species

can be caused by due to qualitative or
quantitative differences

genetic factors
environmental factors
for a combination of both




phenotype genotype environment

Genetic Variation
1
small differences in DNA base sequences between individual
organisms within a species population


genetic variation is transferred from one generation to
the next generates phenotypic variation

can be caused by results in a new combination of
alleles in a gamete or individual

independent assortment of bivalents during metaphase I
crossing over of non sister chromatids during prophase I

, random fusion of gametes during fertilisation




nntionnutingenerationofnewa.lu

may beadvantageous disadvantageous or have no

apparent effect on phenotype
genetic code is degenerate

not always seen in the individual they first occur in


can remain hiddennot expressed within a population for
several generations before they contribute to phenotypic
variation


Genes effects on an
organisms phenotype


may be affected by a single gene or several

the impact the gene has on the phenotype varies

, Environmental factors impacts phenotype
e
g
length of sunlight seasonal
food nutrients
availability of water
temperature
oxygen levels

changes in these factors can affect how organisms grow develo


phenotypic variation caused solely by environmental pressures
or factors cannot be inherited by offspring


only alterations to genetic component of gametes
is inherited
by offspring
directly affects
DNA of gametes
enviro doesn't



Discontinuous and Continuous Variation

Discontinuous variation
differences in the phenotypes of individuals within a



qualitative

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