Exam (elaborations)
MGT 312 Exam 3 With Complete Solutions Latest Update
- Course
- MGT 312
- Institution
- Arizona State University
MGT 312 Exam 3 With Complete Solutions Latest Update
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Solution 2024/2025Pepper
MGT 312 Exam 3 With Complete Solutions
Latest Update
Distinguish between extrinsic and intrinsic rewards, and explain the four
building blocks of intrinsic rewards and motivation. ANS✔✔ -extrinsic:
financial, material, or social rewards from the environment
-intrinsic: self-granted, psychic rewards
-building blocks:
1) Choice: delegated authority, trust in workers, security (no punishment)
for honest mistakes, clear purpose, information
2) Competence: knowledge, positive feedback, skill recognition, challenge,
high noncomparative standards
3) Meaningfulness: noncynical climate, clearly identified passions, exciting
vision, relevant task purposes, whole tasks
4) Progress: collaborative climate, milestones, celebrations, access to
customers, measurement of improvement
Summarize the reasons why extrinsic rewards often fail to motivate
employees. ANS✔✔ 1. Too much emphasis on monetary rewards.
2. Rewards lack "appreciation effect."
3. Extensive benefits become entitlements.
4. Counterproductive behavior is rewarded. (i.e., "a pizza delivery company
focused its rewards on the on-time performance of its drivers, only to
discover that it was inadvertently rewarding reckless driving.")
5. Too long a delay between performance and rewards.
6. Too many one-size-fits-all rewards.
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
7. Use of one-shot rewards with a short-lived motivational impact.
8. Continued use of demotivating practices such as layoffs, across-the-board
raises and cuts, and excessive executive compensation.
State Thorndike's law of effect, and explain Skinner's distinction between
respondent and operant behavior. ANS✔✔ -Law of Effect: behavior with
favorable consequences tends to be repeated, while behavior with
unfavorable consequences tends to disappear; rather, behavior is a function
of its consequences
-Skinner's distinction:
1) respondent behavior: unlearned reflexes; stimulus-response connections
(i.e., crying while chopping onion, removing hand from hot stove)
2) operant behavior: behavior that is learned when one "operates on" the
environment to produce desired consequences; response-stimulus model
(i.e., teaching pigeons to walk figure eights, to bowl)
Define positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, and
extinction, and distinguish between continuous and intermittent schedules
of reinforcement. ANS✔✔ -positive reinforcement: process of strengthening
a behavior by contingently presenting something pleasing (i.e., boss praises
employee who works overtime)
-negative reinforcement: process of strengthening a behavior by
contingently withdrawing something displeasing (i.e., buckling seatbelt in
car makes dinging stop, drill sergeant stops yelling when recruits get out of
bed)
-punishment: process of weakening behavior through either the contingent
presentation of something displeasing or the contingent withdrawal of
something positive (i.e., late employee gets dirty job [pos. punishment] or
response-cost [docking employee's pay for being late])
-extinction: weakening of a behavior by ignoring it or making sure it is not
reinforced (i.e., getting rid of an ex by refusing to take their calls)
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