Understanding Pharmacology Essentials forMedicationSafety,3rdEdition byWorkman r r r r r r r r r
& La Charity
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TABLE OF CONTENTS r r
Chapter 1:Drug Regulation, Actions, and ResponsesChapter
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2:SafelyPreparing and Giving Drugs
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Chapter 3:Mathematics Review and Introduction to Dosage
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Calculations
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Chapter 4:MedicalSystems of Weights and Measures
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Chapter 5:Dosage Calculation ofIntravenous solutions and Drugs
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Chapter 6:Anti-InflammatoryDrugs
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Chapter 7:Drugs for PainControl
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Chapter 8:Anti-Infectives: AntibacterialDrugs
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Chapter 9:Anti-Infectives: AntiviralDrugs
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Chapter 10:Anti-Infectives: Antitubercular and AntifungalDrugs
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Chapter 11: Immunizations
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Chapter 12: Anticancer Drugsr r r
Chapter 13:Drug therapy for Diabetes
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Chapter 14:Drug Therapy for Thyroid and Adrenal Gland Problems
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Chapter 15:Drug TherapyAffecting Urine Output
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Chapter 16: Drug Therapy for Hypertension
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Chapter 17: Drug Therapy for Heart Failure
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Chapter 18: Drug Therapy for Dysrhythmias
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Chapter 19:Drug Therapy for HighBlood Lipids
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Chapter 20:Drug TherapytoDisrupt Clotting
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Chapter 21:Drug Therapy for Asthma, Chronic Obstructive PulmonaryDisease, and Pulmonary
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Fibrosis/Hypertension
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Chapter 22:Drug Therapy for GastrointestinalDysfunction
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Chapter 23: Drug Therapy for Gastric Ulcers and Reflux
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Chapter 24: Drug Therapy with Nutritional Supplements
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Chapter 25:Drug Therapy for Seizures
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Chapter 26:Drug Therapyfor Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Diseases
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Chapter 27:Drug Therapy for PsychiatricProblems
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Chapter 28: Drug Therapy for Insomnia
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Chapter 29:Drug Therapy for Eye Problems
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Chapter 30:Drug Therapy for Osteoporosis and Muscle Relaxation
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Chapter 31: Drug Therapy for Male Reproductive Problems
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Chapter 32:Drug Therapy for Female Reproductive Problems
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Chapter 01: Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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BASICCONCEPTS
1. Which health care professional has the major responsibility for dispensing prescribed
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drugs under the direction ofa pharmacist?
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a. Physician
, b Nurse practitioner r
.
c. Licensed nurse r
d Pharmacy technician f
.
ANS: D r
The physician and nurse practitioner have the major responsibility for prescribing drugs, not
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dispensing them. The licensed nurse has the primary responsibility for administering drugs,
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although under some circumstances a licensed nurse maydispense prescribed drugs but this isnot
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his or her major responsibility in drug therapy. The pharmacy technician has the major
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responsibility ofdispensing prescribed drugs under the direction ofa licensed pharmacist.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering r r REF: p. 3 r
2. Which term describes the effect ofa drug that improves body function?
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a. Side effect
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b Intended action f
.
c. Adverse reaction r
d Idiosyncratic response r
.
ANS: B r
The purpose ofdrug therapy is to take a drug to prevent, reduce, or correct a health problem.This
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response is anydrug’s intended action also knownas a therapeutic response.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering r r REF: p. 3 r
3. Which type of drug name is “owned” bythe company that manufactures it?
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a. Generic name r
b Chemicalname
, .
c. Category name r
d Trade name f
.
ANS: D r
The chemical name is a drug’s exact chemical composition. The generic name is the name assigned
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to the drug by the U.S. Adopted Names Council and is not owned by anyone. The category name
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refers to the type ofdrug (what it does or what it is used for) and is not an actual drug name. The
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trade name (brand name) is the name provided and owned by a specific drug’s manufacturer.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering r r REF: p. 4 r
4. Which drug or drug class is a “high alert” drug? f f rf f fr f rf f rf
a. Penicillin
b Insulin
.
c. NSAIDs
d Calcium
.
ANS: B r
A high alert drug is one in which harm is likely to result if given at the wrong dose, to the wrong
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patient, or not given to the correct patient. Drugs classified as high alert drugs include potassium,
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narcotics (opioids), insulin, cancer chemotherapy drugs, and heparin (or any drug that strongly
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affects blood clotting). Penicillin, NSAIDs, and calcium are not considered high alert drugs.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering r r REF: p. 4 r
5. What is the term for a drug that has the same action as a naturally occurring body
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hormone or enzyme?
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a. Agonist
b Blocking agent r
.
c. Chemical
d Duplicator
.
ANS: A r
A drug agonist is an extrinsic drug that activates the receptor sites ofa cell and mimics the actions
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ofnaturallyoccurring bodysubstances (intrinsic drugs). A blocking agent is a drug
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, antagonist. A chemical would not necessarily be a drug at all. A duplicator is not a pharmacologic
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term.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering r r REF: pp. 6-7 r
6. Whichterm describes how the body affects druga ctivity?
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a. Drug potency r
b Pharmacodynamics
.
c. Therapeutic effect r
d Pharmacokinetics
.
ANS: D r
The term pharmacokinetics refers to drug metabolism and how the body changes a drug.
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Pharmacodynamics refers to how a drug works to change body function. Drug potencyrefers to
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how strongly or to what degree a drug exerts its effects. The therapeutic effect is closer to
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pharmacodynamics, meaning how a drug works to change body function.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering r r REF: p. 10 r
7. In the United States, which group is responsible for enforcing established standards for
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drug manufacturing?
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a. U.S. Pharmacopeia r
b National Institutes of Health r r r
.
c. Food and Drug Administration f f f
d Association of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers r r r
.
ANS: C r
The standards for drug manufacture are established by the U.S. Pharmacopeia. These standards
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are enforced by the Food and Drug Administration. Neither the National Institutes of Health nor
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theAssociation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers has any authorityto enforce drug standards.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering r r REF: p. 5 r
8. Which factor is a major disadvantage of the transdermal drug delivery route?
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a. Only a prescriber can administer drugs bythe transdermal route.
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b Transdermal drugs must be sterile rather than clean. r r r r r r r
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c. First pass drug loss bythis route is the most extensive.
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d Drug absorption is dependent on adequate circulation.
f f f f f f
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