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Electrolyte Imbalances Galen College of Nursing
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Electrolyte Imbalances Galen College of Nursing
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ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES GALENCOLLEGE OF NURSING 100% SOLVED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTION
j S/S Dehydration - - low grade fever
- tachycardia
- weak thready pulse
- hypotension
- orthostatic hypotension
- decreased CVP
- tachypnea
- dizziness
- sunken eyeballs
S/S Fluid Overload - -Changes in pulse rate and respiratory rate
-Lung sounds-crackles
-Edema
-Weight gain
-Neck and hand vein distention
-Confusion
-Decreased Hgb, Hct, and Protein
Sodium (Na) - 135-145 mEq/L
Causes of Hyponatremia - Diuretics
, GI fluid loss/ suction
Diet
S/S Hyponatremia - S tupor/coma
A norexia, N&V
L ethargy
T endon reflexes decreased
L imp muscles (weakness)
O rthostatic hypotension
S eizures/headache
S tomach cramping
Tx of Hyponatremia - - give Na
- pt does not need water
- if having neuro problems: needs hypertonic saline (3% or 5% NS)
Causes of Hypernatremia - MODEL:
Medications, meals
Osmotic diuretics
Diabetes insipidus
Excessive water loss
Low water intake
S/S of Hypernatremia - FRIED or SALTIER
--
Fever (low grade), flushed
Restless (irritable)
Increased fluid retention and increased BP
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