Exam (elaborations)
Philosophy Exam 3 Questions and Answers 2024
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Exam of 3 pages for the course JCCC at JCCC (Philosophy Exam 3)
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Philosophy Exam 33 main views in Free Will debate - answer Hard Determinism, Soft Determinism,
Libertarianism
Hard Determinism - answer incompatible view that argues against existence of free will;
rather maintaining all human acts are causally debated by forces beyond ones control
and no one can act on their own
Soft determinism - answer compatibilist view that while human acts are causally
determined; within the determinist framework, humans make choices and are
responsible
Libertarianism – answer incompatibilism view that humans have free will, make choices
and are always capable of acting other than we ultimately act and therefore are
responsible for our actions
Dilemma of Free Will and Determinism - answer1: either humans have free will or all
human actions are causally determined by forces beyond our control 2: If humans have
free will then humans wouldn't be part of the causal/natural order 3: But, humans are
part of the causal order Therefore 4: Humans don't have free will(from premise 2,3)
{valid, modus tollens} Therefore 5: All human actions are causally determined by forces
beyond our control(from premise 1,4){valid, disjunctive syllogism} 6: If all human action
is causally determined by forces beyond our control the no one is morally responsible
for their actions Therefore 7: No one is morally responsible for their actions(from
premise 5,6){valid, modus ponens}
3 criticisms of dilemma of free will and determinism - answer a) P1 is false: false
dilemma b) P2 is false: free will isn't incompatible with causal order because you have
freedom within a system of laws-free will isn't unlimited but there are alternatives c) P6
is false: determinism isn't incompatible with responsibility rejection of retribution in favor
of alternatives such as deterrence theory
List the Hard Determinist - answer Holbach, Hospers
Holbach is determinist because - answer his materialistic metaphysics
Holbach says free will is - answer an illusion that humans can't help but perpetuate
because it makes us feel better by giving us a sense of control and it's easy to up hold
given the complexity of human action and the variation of causes
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