Advanced Pathophysiology- Pulmonary Exam Questions with Complete Answers Latest Update 2024 (Already Passed)
Restrictive disorders - Answers efer to the inability of the person to breathe in adequate amounts of air. Typically, these individuals have low lung volumes on pulmonary function tests. ...
Restrictive disorders - Answers efer to the inability of the person to breathe in adequate amounts of air.
Typically, these individuals have low lung volumes on pulmonary function tests. Lung volumes are
essentially the amount of air the lungs contain at a given time during respirations. Disease examples
include aspiration, pulmonary fibrosis, atelectasis, bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, and pulmonary edema.
Obstructive disorders - Answers refer to the inability of the person to completely exhale that air which is
inhaled. Typically, on PFTs these individuals will have high lung volumes because they are retaining air in
the lungs. Disease examples include asthma & COPD.
Hypoxemia respiratory failure is defined - Answers PaO2 of </=
50mmHg.
Hypercapnic respiratory failure is defined - Answers PaCO2 >/=
50mmhg.
spontaneous pneumothorax - Answers young, tall thin males. They may also occur as a result of bleb
rupture in persons who have emphysema.
tension pneumothorax - Answers air becomes trapped in the thoracic cavity and cannot escape. The site
of the injury on the pleural membrane acts as a one-way value and only lets air into the thoracic cavity.
In this instance the person may experience a complete lung collapse. If this occurs the individual will
have a deviated trachea, shortness of breath, and hypotension.
Pulmonary Edema - Answers accumulation of water in the pulmonary alveolar sacs. This prevents the
proper exchange of gases and leads to dyspnea, chest pain, and hypoxia. Often individuals will also have
orthopnea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome - Answers type of respiratory failure which results from massive
lung inflammation and disseminated alveolar capillary damage. This damage significantly impairs gas
exchange and the patient will have significant issues with oxygenation. Pneumonia, sepsis, massive
trauma, burns, aspirations, DIC and pancreatitis all increase the risk of developing ARDS.
ardsThe inflammatory phase - Answers irst 72
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