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NEW ASSESEMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL FUNCTIONS CHAPTER 60 QUESTIONS, ANSWERS AND RATIONALES
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NEW ASSESEMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL FUNCTIONS CHAPTER 60 QUESTIONS, ANSWERS AND RATIONALES
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Page 1 of 16NEW ASSESEMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL FUNCTIONS CHAPTER 60
QUESTIONS, ANSWERS AND RATIONALES
A patient scheduled for a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has arrived
at the radiology department. The nurse who prepares the patient for the
MRI would be sure to include what?
A) Withholding stimulants 24 to 48 hours prior to exam.
B) Removing all metal-containing objects.
C) Instructing patient to void prior to exam.
D) Initiating an intravenous line for administration of contrast. - answer-
ANS: B
Patient preparation for an MRI consists of removing all metal-containing
objects prior to the exam. Withholding stimulants would not affect an MRI,
this relates to an electroencephalography (EEG). Instructing the patient to
void is patient preparation for a lumbar puncture. Initiating an intravenous
line for administration of contrast would be done if the patient was having a
CT scan with contrast.
A client is brought to the emergency room following a motor vehicle
accident in which he sustained head trauma. The patient is complaining of
blindness in the left eye. The nurse would be correct in documenting this
abnormal finding as corresponding to which of the following cerebral lobes?
A) Temporal
B) Occipital
C) Parietal
D) Frontal - answer-ANS: B
The posterior lobe of the cerebral hemisphere is responsible for visual
interpretation. The temporal lobe contains the auditory receptive areas. The
parietal lobe contains the primary sensory cortex, and is essential to an
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individual's awareness of the body in space, as well as orientation in space
and spatial relations. The frontal lobe functions in concentration, abstract
thought, information storage or memory, and motor func
A nursing instructor is talking with her nursing students about aging and
neurological changes. What would the instructor tell the students is a
normal neurological change in the aging process?
A) Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes
B) Reduction in cerebral blood flow (CBF)
C) Increased cerebral metabolism
D) Hypersensitivity to painful stimuli - answer-ANS: B
Reduction in cerebral blood flow (CBF) is a change that occurs in the
normal aging process. Deep tendon reflexes can be decreased or in some
cases absent. Cerebral metabolism decreases as the patient advances in
age. Reaction to painful stimuli may be decreased with age. Because pain
is an important warning signal, caution must be used when hot or cold
packs are used.
The nurse has admitted a new patient to the unit. One of the patient's
admitting orders is for an adrenergic medication. The nurse knows that this
medication will have what effect on the circulatory system?
A) Thin, watery saliva
B) Increased heart rate
C) Decreased blood pressure
D) Constricted bronchioles - answer-ANS: B
The term "adrenergic" refers to the sympathetic nervous system.
Sympathetic effects include an increased rate and force of the heartbeat.
Cholinergic effects, which correspond to the parasympathetic division of
the autonomic nervous system, include thin, watery saliva, decreased rate
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and force of heartbeat, and decreased blood pressure. Refer to Table 60-
03.
A nurse is assessing reflexes in a patient with hyperactive reflexes. When
the patient's foot is abruptly dorsiflexed, it continues to "beat" two to three
times before setting into a resting position. How would the nurse document
this finding?
A) Rigidity
B) Flaccidity
C) Clonus
D) Ataxia - answer-ANS: C
When reflexes are very hyperactive, a phenomenon called clonus may be
elicited. If the foot is abruptly dorsiflexed, it may continue to "beat" two to
three times before it settles into a position of rest. Rigidity is an increase in
muscle tone at rest characterized by increased resistance to passive
stretch. Flaccidity is lack of muscle tone. Ataxia is the inability to coordinate
muscle movements, resulting in difficulty walking, talking, and performing
self-care activities.
The nurse is doing an initial assessment on a client t newly admitted to the
unit with a diagnosis of cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The client has
difficulty copying a figure that the nurse has drawn. The nurse uses this
technique to assess for what type of aphasia?
A) Auditory-receptive
B) Visual-receptive
C) Expressive speaking
D) Expressive writing - answer-ANS: B
Difficulty copying a figure that the nurse has drawn would be considered
visual-receptive aphasia. Expressive aphasia is the inability to express
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