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Advanced Pathophysiology - NERVOUS system Exam Bank Solution Manual Already Passed

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Advanced Pathophysiology - NERVOUS system Exam Bank Solution Manual Already Passed Primary excitatory transmitter of the brain - Answers Glutamate Glutamate is mediated by what receptors - Answers inotropic and metabotropic receptors What Neurotrasmitter is responsible for excitotoxic neuron death - Answers glutamate In states of hypoxia or ischemia, can lead to ______ where cells "panic" and die - Answers Excitotoxic Neuron Death neurotransmitters found in forebrain - Answers glutamate & acetylcholine Drugs that block D2 receptors and decrease dopamine - Answers antipsychotics Norephinephrine neurons that control arousal and stress responses are found where - Answers locus ceruleus VT dopamine neurons are found where - Answers nucleus accumbens dopamine in nigrostriatal pathway is involved in - Answers motor control absence of dopamine in nigrostriatal pathway is seen in what disease - Answers parkinsons dopamine in the VT area to the nucleus accumbens pathway is involved in - Answers pleasure, reward, addiction dopamine in the hypothalamic projection to the pituitary stalk inhibits what secretion - Answers prolactin what NT inhibits aggression - Answers serotonin what NT is converted to melatonin in the pineal gland - Answers serotonin what receptor type mediates dopamine - Answers Metatropic located in basal forebrain to control sleep/wake - Answers glutamate and acetylcholine primary inhibitory NT in brain - Answers GABA GABA - a is what type of NT - Answers ionotropic Antiseizure medications will increase the production of _________ and therfore counter glutamate with inhibition neurons - Answers GABA-a (gaba-a is inhibitory to gaba so by increasing production, more inhibition is provided so we decrease the excitatory function in seizures) smooth muscle control is usually the result of what two NT's working together - Answers dopamine and acetylcholine too much acetylcholine with not enough dopamine can cause what - Answers decreased motor function / parkinsons sx epilepsy can be caused by mutations effecting what receptors - Answers GABA-a (effectivness of gaba inhibition is disrupted so excitablity causes seizures) primary NT of parasympathetic nervous sytem - Answers acetylcholine what type of receptors are associated with acetylcholine - Answers metetropic and ionotropic what receptor type mediates norepinephrine - Answers metatrophic controls arousal and stress in the locus ceruleus - Answers norepinephrine supression of NE causes - Answers sedation What receptors mediate serotonin - Answers metatropic for all serotonin except 5-HT3 what receptor mediates histamine - Answers metatropic peptide that is responsible for pain, pleasure, sedation, gut motility - Answers opioid peptide peptide responsible for attachment/bonding - Answers oxytocin peptide responsible for stress, anxiety, fear - Answers corticotropin peptide responsible for affiliate behavior (friends etc.) - Answers vasopressin One function of this NT is to send pain signals from periphery to spinal cord spinothalamic tract neurons (AKA nociceptive sensory neurons) - Answers glutamate what NT promotes arousal, increased vigilance, increased anxiety, and other protective emotional responses - Answers norepinephrine NT responsible for alertness and responsiveness - Answers norepinephrine NT that is known for descending modulation of spinal pain transmission to reduce spinal pain - Answers norepinephrine excruciating pain response to stimuli that would normally be mildly painful - Answers hyperalgesia normally non-painful stimulus is perceived as painful - Answers allodynia both have peripheral and central aspects of sensitization to pain transmission - Answers hyperalgesia and allodynia NT of primary nociceptors that activates second order neurons - Answers substance P

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Advanced Pathophysiology - NERVOUS System
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Advanced Pathophysiology - NERVOUS system

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Advanced Pathophysiology - NERVOUS system Exam Bank Solution Manual Already Passed

Primary excitatory transmitter of the brain - Answers Glutamate

Glutamate is mediated by what receptors - Answers inotropic and metabotropic receptors

What Neurotrasmitter is responsible for excitotoxic neuron death - Answers glutamate

In states of hypoxia or ischemia, can lead to ______ where cells "panic" and die - Answers Excitotoxic
Neuron Death

neurotransmitters found in forebrain - Answers glutamate & acetylcholine

Drugs that block D2 receptors and decrease dopamine - Answers antipsychotics

Norephinephrine neurons that control arousal and stress responses are found where - Answers locus
ceruleus

VT dopamine neurons are found where - Answers nucleus accumbens

dopamine in nigrostriatal pathway is involved in - Answers motor control

absence of dopamine in nigrostriatal pathway is seen in what disease - Answers parkinsons

dopamine in the VT area to the nucleus accumbens pathway is involved in - Answers pleasure, reward,
addiction

dopamine in the hypothalamic projection to the pituitary stalk inhibits what secretion - Answers
prolactin

what NT inhibits aggression - Answers serotonin

what NT is converted to melatonin in the pineal gland - Answers serotonin

what receptor type mediates dopamine - Answers Metatropic

located in basal forebrain to control sleep/wake - Answers glutamate and acetylcholine

primary inhibitory NT in brain - Answers GABA

GABA - a is what type of NT - Answers ionotropic

Antiseizure medications will increase the production of _________ and therfore counter glutamate with
inhibition neurons - Answers GABA-a (gaba-a is inhibitory to gaba so by increasing production, more
inhibition is provided so we decrease the excitatory function in seizures)

smooth muscle control is usually the result of what two NT's working together - Answers dopamine and
acetylcholine

, too much acetylcholine with not enough dopamine can cause what - Answers decreased motor
function / parkinsons sx

epilepsy can be caused by mutations effecting what receptors - Answers GABA-a (effectivness of gaba
inhibition is disrupted so excitablity causes seizures)

primary NT of parasympathetic nervous sytem - Answers acetylcholine

what type of receptors are associated with acetylcholine - Answers metetropic and ionotropic

what receptor type mediates norepinephrine - Answers metatrophic

controls arousal and stress in the locus ceruleus - Answers norepinephrine

supression of NE causes - Answers sedation

What receptors mediate serotonin - Answers metatropic for all serotonin except 5-HT3

what receptor mediates histamine - Answers metatropic

peptide that is responsible for pain, pleasure, sedation, gut motility - Answers opioid peptide

peptide responsible for attachment/bonding - Answers oxytocin

peptide responsible for stress, anxiety, fear - Answers corticotropin

peptide responsible for affiliate behavior (friends etc.) - Answers vasopressin

One function of this NT is to send pain signals from periphery to spinal cord spinothalamic tract neurons
(AKA nociceptive sensory neurons) - Answers glutamate

what NT promotes arousal, increased vigilance, increased anxiety, and other protective emotional
responses - Answers norepinephrine

NT responsible for alertness and responsiveness - Answers norepinephrine

NT that is known for descending modulation of spinal pain transmission to reduce spinal pain - Answers
norepinephrine

excruciating pain response to stimuli that would normally be mildly painful - Answers hyperalgesia

normally non-painful stimulus is perceived as painful - Answers allodynia

both have peripheral and central aspects of sensitization to pain transmission - Answers hyperalgesia
and allodynia

NT of primary nociceptors that activates second order neurons - Answers substance P

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