NURS 3119 Blood Meds Exam 3
With Complete Solution
What are the Main Components of a CBC? What should the Range be for
Each of the Components? - ANSWER >RBC - 4-6 depending on gender
>Hgb + Hct
--Hgb - 12-18
--Hct - 37-52 depending on gender
>WBC - 5-10k
>Platelet - 150-400k
What does Hemoglobin do? - ANSWER Actual component on the RBC that
carries O2
What does Hematocrit do? - ANSWER The percentage of blood volume
composed of RBC's
What is High-Level Erythrocytosis? Treatment? - ANSWER Increases risk of
blood clot development
>Treatment - phlebotomy, addressing any underlying causes
What is Low-Level Anemia? Treatment? - ANSWER Reduced oxygen carrying
capacity, fatigue
>Treatment - blood transfusion, hematopoietic growth factors, iron
supplementation
,What is Hematopoiesis? - ANSWER Production of blood cells and platelets,
which occurs in the bone marrow
What is Example of Erythropoietic Growth Factor? - ANSWER Epoetin alfa
What is the Mechanism of Action of Erythropoietic Growth Factor? - ANSWER
Acts on bone marrow to increase production of RBC's
What are the Uses of Erythropoietic Growth Factor? - ANSWER >Normally for
patients who have chronic anemia secondary to renal failure
>HIV patients undergoing treatment
>Chemotherapy patients, to prepare for some elective surgeries where blood
loss is expected
What are Complications of Erythropoietic Growth Factor? Contraindicated? -
ANSWER Hypertension related to increased hematocrit, DVT, headaches and
body aches
>Contraindicated in patients with uncontrolled hypertension
What are Nursing Intervention Erythropoietic Growth Factor? - ANSWER
>Obtain baseline BP and monitor frequently-patient may need
antihypertensive therapy
>Administer subcutaneous or IV bolus, dosage is weight based-normally
1-3x's per week
>Monitor iron levels, RBC growth dependent on normal iron levels,
medication will not be effective if iron is low
>Monitor Hct and Hgb twice a week until target range is reached
How to Evaluate Effectiveness of Erythropoietic Growth Factor? - ANSWER
, Effectiveness is evaluated by Hgb 10-11, and max Hct of 33%
What does Iron do in the Body? - ANSWER Important for development of
RBC, but also builds bones, nerve cell function, and hormone balance
What are Examples of Oral Iron Supplementation? - ANSWER >Ferrous
sulfate
>Ferrous gluconate
>Ferrous fumarate
What are Examples of Parenteral Iron Supplementation? Route of
Administration? - ANSWER Iron dextran
>IM or IV - IV is safest because infusion can be stopped
>IM - use Z track to avoid skin staining
What are Nurse Administration Tips for Oral Iron Supplementation? -
ANSWER >Give with vitamin C to increase absorption
>Better absorption if given on empty stomach if patient can tolerate
>Liquid forms should be taken with a straw to avoid tooth staining
What are Side Effects of Oral Iron Supplementation? - ANSWER Causes
constipation, may turn stools dark/green
What are the Risks of Parenteral Iron Supplementation? - ANSWER
With Complete Solution
What are the Main Components of a CBC? What should the Range be for
Each of the Components? - ANSWER >RBC - 4-6 depending on gender
>Hgb + Hct
--Hgb - 12-18
--Hct - 37-52 depending on gender
>WBC - 5-10k
>Platelet - 150-400k
What does Hemoglobin do? - ANSWER Actual component on the RBC that
carries O2
What does Hematocrit do? - ANSWER The percentage of blood volume
composed of RBC's
What is High-Level Erythrocytosis? Treatment? - ANSWER Increases risk of
blood clot development
>Treatment - phlebotomy, addressing any underlying causes
What is Low-Level Anemia? Treatment? - ANSWER Reduced oxygen carrying
capacity, fatigue
>Treatment - blood transfusion, hematopoietic growth factors, iron
supplementation
,What is Hematopoiesis? - ANSWER Production of blood cells and platelets,
which occurs in the bone marrow
What is Example of Erythropoietic Growth Factor? - ANSWER Epoetin alfa
What is the Mechanism of Action of Erythropoietic Growth Factor? - ANSWER
Acts on bone marrow to increase production of RBC's
What are the Uses of Erythropoietic Growth Factor? - ANSWER >Normally for
patients who have chronic anemia secondary to renal failure
>HIV patients undergoing treatment
>Chemotherapy patients, to prepare for some elective surgeries where blood
loss is expected
What are Complications of Erythropoietic Growth Factor? Contraindicated? -
ANSWER Hypertension related to increased hematocrit, DVT, headaches and
body aches
>Contraindicated in patients with uncontrolled hypertension
What are Nursing Intervention Erythropoietic Growth Factor? - ANSWER
>Obtain baseline BP and monitor frequently-patient may need
antihypertensive therapy
>Administer subcutaneous or IV bolus, dosage is weight based-normally
1-3x's per week
>Monitor iron levels, RBC growth dependent on normal iron levels,
medication will not be effective if iron is low
>Monitor Hct and Hgb twice a week until target range is reached
How to Evaluate Effectiveness of Erythropoietic Growth Factor? - ANSWER
, Effectiveness is evaluated by Hgb 10-11, and max Hct of 33%
What does Iron do in the Body? - ANSWER Important for development of
RBC, but also builds bones, nerve cell function, and hormone balance
What are Examples of Oral Iron Supplementation? - ANSWER >Ferrous
sulfate
>Ferrous gluconate
>Ferrous fumarate
What are Examples of Parenteral Iron Supplementation? Route of
Administration? - ANSWER Iron dextran
>IM or IV - IV is safest because infusion can be stopped
>IM - use Z track to avoid skin staining
What are Nurse Administration Tips for Oral Iron Supplementation? -
ANSWER >Give with vitamin C to increase absorption
>Better absorption if given on empty stomach if patient can tolerate
>Liquid forms should be taken with a straw to avoid tooth staining
What are Side Effects of Oral Iron Supplementation? - ANSWER Causes
constipation, may turn stools dark/green
What are the Risks of Parenteral Iron Supplementation? - ANSWER
