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NUR 215 Exam Questions with Complete Answers
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NUR 215 Exam Questions with Complete Answers
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NUR 215 Exam Questions with CompleteAnswers
What are healthcare related infections also known as? - Answer-Healthcare acquired
infections (HAI's)
What is the leading cause of death related to infections? - Answer-Healthcare related
infections (HAI's)
How can healthcare related infections be prevented? - Answer-By using aseptic
principles/techniques
What are the six links to the spread of infection? - Answer-Infectious agent, reservoir,
portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
What is an infectious agent? - Answer-Pathogens or normal flora that can cause
infection
What is a reservoir? - Answer-The place where pathogens live and multiply, can be
living or nonliving
What are examples of portals of exit? - Answer-Body fluids, coughing, sneezing,
diarrhea, IV lines, tubes
What are the different modes of transmission? - Answer-Contact (direct and indirect),
droplet, airborne
What are examples of portals of entry? - Answer-Eye, nares, mouth, vagina, cuts,
wounds, IV drainage, bite from vector
What is a susceptible host? - Answer-A person with inadequate defense against
infection
What are the four determining factors of a susceptible host? - Answer-Virulence,
organism's ability to survive in host's environment, host's defenses
What is a local infection? - Answer-An infection that causes harm in a limited body area
What is a systemic infection? - Answer-An infection where pathogens invade the
blood/lymph and spread throughout the body
What is a primary infection? - Answer-The first infection in a patient
, What is a secondary infection? - Answer-An infection that follows a primary infection,
often seen in immunocompromised patients (HIV)
What is an exogenous healthcare acquired infection? - Answer-An infection caused by a
pathogen acquired from the healthcare environment
What is an endogenous healthcare acquired infection? - Answer-An infection caused by
normal flora multiplying and causing infection as a result of treatment
What is an acute infection? - Answer-An infection with a rapid onset and short duration
(e.g. common cold, UTI)
What is a chronic infection? - Answer-An infection that develops slowly and lasts for
longer than 3-6 months (e.g. abscess)
What is a latent infection? - Answer-An infection that has no symptoms for long periods
of time (e.g. HIV, TB)
What are the stages of infection? - Answer-Incubation, prodromal, illness, decline,
convalescence
What is an epidemic? - Answer-An infection that affects a large group in a geographic
region
What is a pandemic? - Answer-A widespread epidemic
What are the primary defenses against infection? - Answer-Anatomical features that
limit pathogen entry
What are the primary defenses of the body? - Answer-Normal body flora, intact skin,
respiratory tree, eyes, mouth; normal flora in GI tract, urinary tract, and anus.
What are the secondary defenses of the body? - Answer-Phagocytosis, inflammation,
complement cascade, fever.
What are the tertiary defenses of the body? - Answer-Humoral immunity and cellular
immunity.
What factors increase host susceptibility to infections? - Answer-Developmental stage,
breaks in skin, multiple sex partners, chronic disease, nursing/medical procedures,
illness/injury/disease, tobacco use/substance abuse, environmental factors,
medications.
What is the purpose of the nursing history in assessing for infection? - Answer-To
gather information about the client's risk factors, exposure to pathogens, and symptoms.
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