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MCPHS Anatomy & Physiology Exam 1: Questions With Accurate Solutions

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MCPHS Anatomy & Physiology Exam 1: Questions With Accurate Solutions

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  • October 31, 2024
  • 18
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • MCPHS
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LeCrae
MCPHS Anatomy & Physiology Exam 1: Questions With
Accurate Solutions

Anatomy Right Ans - study of structure; means to dissect

Physiology Right Ans - study of function

Importance of studying A&P Right Ans - basis for understanding disease
and for how the body works/reacts to stiumulus

systemic anatomy Right Ans - study of body systems

regional anatomy Right Ans - study of body regions (how med schools do
it)

surface anatomy Right Ans - study of external features (ex: bone
projections)

anatomical imaging Right Ans - uses x-rays, ultrasounds, MRIs, CAT scans

Structural Level: chemical Right Ans - smallest level
ex) atoms: smallest level that displays properties

Structural level; cell Right Ans - basic unit of life
ex) organelles w/ specialized functions for the cell

Structural level: tissue Right Ans - group of cells with similar structure and
function plus extracellular substance
ex) epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

Structural level: organ Right Ans - 2 or more tissue types
ex) skin, heart, stomach, etc

Structural level: organ system Right Ans - groups of organs

Structural level: organism Right Ans - all structural levels working together

,Structural level hierarchy Right Ans - chemical > cell > tissue > organ >
organ system > organism

Integumentary system Right Ans - Protection, maintain H20 content

Skeletal system Right Ans - protection, support, movement

Muscular system Right Ans - movement, posture, heat
> cardiac, skeletal, smooth

Lymphatic system Right Ans - AKA immune system
antibodies, lymph

Respiratory system Right Ans - gas exchange
ventilate: bring air in/out
respiration: feed cells O2

Digestive system Right Ans - take in nutrients, metabolize food

Nervous system Right Ans - chief regulator
brain, spinal cord, nerves
Control other systems

Endocrine system Right Ans - regulator of body
hormones/proteins/glands

Cardiovasular system Right Ans - transport
heart, vein (to heart), artery (away from heart)

Urinary system Right Ans - removes waste; kidneys

Characteristics of life Right Ans - 1) organization: structural
levels/coordination
2) metabolism: ability to use energy (dig/resp system); all chemical rxn in
body
3) responsiveness (aka irritability): ability to sense changes in environment
and make adjustment (shiver in cold weather)
4) growth: increase in size (constant rebuild/remake bones)

, 5) development: changes in cell structure/function from generalized to
specialized
6) reproduction: formation of new cells/new organisms

Homeostasis Right Ans - - maintenance of constant internal environment
(ex: body temp, BP, HR, BR)
- Variables: conditions that change (ex: enviro temp)

Set point Right Ans - ideal, normal value ( not the same for everyone)
- goes along with metabolism
- react to being off-balance

Negative feedback Right Ans - mechanism that regulates homeostasis
negative meaning a deviation from set (ideal) point
- used most often
- wants to stop/reverse something

Negative feedback components (3) Right Ans - 1) control center: establish
the set point (brain)
2) receptor: detect changes (variables)
3) effector: respond to change

Positive feedback Right Ans - - deviation from the set point becomes
greater
- makes a bad situation worse
- rarely found in healthy people
ex) childbirth is a good pos feedback
ex) laceration > blood loss > low BP > heart pumps harder > lose more blood >
even lower BP

Anatomical position Right Ans - person standing erect with face and palms
forward

supine position Right Ans - person lying face up

prone position Right Ans - person lying face down

Superior/Inferior Right Ans - superior: above another structure
inferior: below another structure

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