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NURS 3119 Cardiovascular Meds Exam 5 With Solution
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NURS 3119 Cardiovascular MedsExam 5 With Solution
What are the 5 Classifications for Cardiovascular Meds? - ANSWER >Cardiac
glycosides
>Adrenergic agonists
>Organic nitrates
>Antidysrhythmic medication
>Antilipemic agents
What is Heart Failure? - ANSWER Heart can't pump enough blood to supply
the whole body
>The demand for blood (and everything it does) is unmet
>Can be systolic or diastolic failure or right or left sided failure -Left is main
focus of your text
Describe the Systoli Phase. - ANSWER Phase of heartbeat where blood is
pumped out of the heart
Describe Diastoli Phase. - ANSWER Phase of heartbeat where heart fills with
blood
,Describe Systolic Heart Failure. - ANSWER Heart doesn't pump blood with
enough force
>Muscle is weaker and doesn't pump as strong and less blood is ejected
Describe Diastolic Heart Failure. - ANSWER Heart doesn't fill as much due to
thickened stuff muscles and less blood is ejected
>Affects heart rate, stroke volume, preload and afterload
What is Ejection Fraction? - ANSWER The amount of blood estimated to be
pumped out of the LV to the rest of the body with each heartbeat
>Normal range is 50-75%
>Systolic dysfunction occurs when EF falls below 50%
>Measured by ECG, nuclear study, MRI, CT
What are Medications that Treat Heart Failure? - ANSWER >Diuretics
>RAAS meds
>Beta Blockers
>Cardiac glycosides (if not able to control manifestations)
What are Examples of Cardiac Glycosides? - ANSWER Digoxin
, What is the Mechanism of Action of Cardiac Glycosides? - ANSWER >Positive
inotropic effect meaning increase in force of myocardial contraction
(improves stroke volume)
>Negative chronotropic effect meaning a decrease in heart rate (digoxin
slows the rate of SA node depolarization and the rate of impulses through
the conduction system of the heart)
What is Digoxin Used as the 2nd Line of Treatment for? - ANSWER >Heart
failure
>Dysrhythmias (atrial fibrillation)
What are Complications of Digoxin? - ANSWER >Dysrhythmias and
cardiotoxicity leading to bradycardia
>Increased risk with hypokalemia, increased serum levels of digoxin, and
heart disease (older clients particularly at risk)
>Digoxin toxicity
What are Nursing Interventions for Digoxin? - ANSWER >Monitor K+ levels -
3.5-5
>Monitor for s/s of hypokalemia - nausea, vomiting, general weakness
>Consume high K+ foods - green leafys, bananas, potatoes
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