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samenvatting defecatie, laxantia, stoma's

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samenvatting over die onderwerken

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  • October 31, 2024
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DEFECATIE, LAXANTIA EN STOMA’S

14.1 ANATOMIE EN FYSIOLOGIE V/H MAAGDARMKANAAL


14.1 ANATOMIE EN FYSIOLOGIE VAN HET MAAG-DARMKANAAL
Wordt voedsel verteerd, opgenomen en uitgescheiden vn afvalproducten

Belangrijkste onderdelen: mond, slokdarm, maag, dunne darm, dikke darm

Mond, slokdarm en maag= bovenste maag-darmkanaal, begint verteringsproces

Dunne darm= verteringsproces voltooid en grootste absorptie van water
- Bestaat uit:
o duodenum= twaalfvingerige darm
o jejunum= nuchtere darm
o ileum= kronkeldarm

Dikke darm= heropname van water, natrium en opslag van afvalstoffen
- bestaat uit:
o caecum= blindedarm
 valva ileocaecalis
 appendix vermiformis
o colon= karteldarm
 colon ascendens
 colon transversum
 colon descendens
 colon sigmoideum
o rectum= endeldarm
 uiteinde= canalis analis, omringd door interne, externe sfincter

Vertering gebeurt chemisch en mechanisch
Mechanisch:
- begint met gebit (vermaalt voedsel)
- peristaltische bewegingen kneden voedsel verder door darmkanaal
Chemisch:
- begint in de mond met enzymen uit het speeksel

Maag functies betrekking spijsvertering:
1. tijdelijk opslag voedsel
2. mechanische afbraak voedsel
3. chemische vertering door middel vn zuren en enzymen
4. uitscheiding vn intrinsic factor (geproduceerd door maagwand, vit B12)

Via pylorus van maag naar duodenum (vermengd met verteringssappen uit pancreas en
lever)


14.2 DEFECATIE




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