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samenvatting defecatie, laxantia, stoma's
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samenvatting over die onderwerken
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DEFECATIE, LAXANTIA EN STOMA’S14.1 ANATOMIE EN FYSIOLOGIE V/H MAAGDARMKANAAL
14.1 ANATOMIE EN FYSIOLOGIE VAN HET MAAG-DARMKANAAL
Wordt voedsel verteerd, opgenomen en uitgescheiden vn afvalproducten
Belangrijkste onderdelen: mond, slokdarm, maag, dunne darm, dikke darm
Mond, slokdarm en maag= bovenste maag-darmkanaal, begint verteringsproces
Dunne darm= verteringsproces voltooid en grootste absorptie van water
- Bestaat uit:
o duodenum= twaalfvingerige darm
o jejunum= nuchtere darm
o ileum= kronkeldarm
Dikke darm= heropname van water, natrium en opslag van afvalstoffen
- bestaat uit:
o caecum= blindedarm
valva ileocaecalis
appendix vermiformis
o colon= karteldarm
colon ascendens
colon transversum
colon descendens
colon sigmoideum
o rectum= endeldarm
uiteinde= canalis analis, omringd door interne, externe sfincter
Vertering gebeurt chemisch en mechanisch
Mechanisch:
- begint met gebit (vermaalt voedsel)
- peristaltische bewegingen kneden voedsel verder door darmkanaal
Chemisch:
- begint in de mond met enzymen uit het speeksel
Maag functies betrekking spijsvertering:
1. tijdelijk opslag voedsel
2. mechanische afbraak voedsel
3. chemische vertering door middel vn zuren en enzymen
4. uitscheiding vn intrinsic factor (geproduceerd door maagwand, vit B12)
Via pylorus van maag naar duodenum (vermengd met verteringssappen uit pancreas en
lever)
14.2 DEFECATIE
1
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