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USMLE Master Exam| Latest Questions with 100% Correct Answers
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USMLE Master Exam| Latest Questions with 100% Correct Answers
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USMLE Master Exam| LatestQuestions with 100% Correct Answers
Question
Effective controls would require research on a process of signal transduction
similar to the process caused by what toxin?
1 Pertussis toxin
2 Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin
3 Shiga toxin
4 Tetanus toxin
5 Botulism toxin - ✔ ✔ ecoli ETEC HL aka LT- cAMP, HS aka ST -
cGMP easy money baby
perrtussis - blocks adenylate cyclase and leads to increased cAMP
shigatoxin - inhibits protein synth
tetanus toxin - inhibits nuerotransmission - spastic paralysis... cleaves SNARE
proteins, blocks release of inhibitory neurotransmitters like glycine and GABA
bortulism toxin - prevents Ach synapse release
A 36-year-old man presents with profuse 'rice water' diarrhea and vomiting.
The patient has a temperature of 38.9° C, pulse of 160/min and RR of 40/min.
Urinalysis results reveal high specific gravity, 4+ ketones, and 1+ protein. The
,patient's history is significant for a recent business trip to India where he ingested
a 'sweet, watery drink' from a street vendor. Stool cultures are positive for Gram-
negative, non-lactose fermenting, comma-shaped rod organisms that are oxidase-
positive. The patient receives oral rehydration fluids containing sodium and
glucose and is treated with tetracycline; he improves by the following day.
Question
What is the most likely cause of this patient's profuse diarrhea?
Answer Choices
Ico-marker Ico-abct
1 Vibrio cholerae
Ico-marker Ico-abct
2 Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Ico-marker Ico-abct
3 Vibrio vulnificus
Ico-marker Ico-abct
4 Campylobacter jejuni
5. ecoli 0157:h7 - ✔ ✔ typical cholera
gr- rod, oxidase +, watery diarrhea, comma shaped, needs specific growth media
vibrio parahaemolyticis - seafood related,
,vulnificus - the one that causes wound infecetions, bad if have liver disease,
also can be from seafood
campylobacter - gr- rod, oxidase +, bloody diarrhea, cramp, fever, vomitting...
can lead to guillain barre syndrome, from raw chicken/milk/water, grows at 42C
and microaerophilic
EHEC - gr- oxidase - rod, bloody diarrhea, no fevercan also lead to HUS
(shigatoxin 60s?)
A 23-year-old man presents with macular areas of depigmentation of the skin on
his chest, upper back, arms, and abdomen of 5 months duration. The lesions do
not show scaling or inflammation, and they fluoresce under Wood's lamp.
Question
If the skin manifestations are due to a fungal infection confined to the stratum
corneum, what fungus is most likely to be the etiological agent of this condition?
1 Piedraia hortae
2 Microsporum canis
3 Trichophyton rubrum
4 Malassezia furfur
5 Epidermophyton floccosum
6 Hortaea werneckii - ✔ ✔ malassezia fur fur -
obvious really,
A 54-year-old woman with a past history of systemic lupus erythematous (SLE)
presents to your office complaining of left flank pain and dysuria. Physical
examination is unremarkable except for a slightly elevated body temperature and
, mild edema of the extremities. The patient has recently been undergoing
steroid treatments for symptoms related to her SLE.
A urinalysis and culture with Gram stain were ordered. The following results
were obtained for the urinalysis:
Urine Test Result:
Glucose Neg
Ketones Neg
Blood Neg
Leukocyte esterase Pos
Protein 3+
Specific gravity 1.024
PH 4.6
Microscopic analysis 2+ Hyaline casts, 1+ bacteria, 10-25 WBC/HPF
The results from the Gram stain are shown in the image. The culture was positive
the next day for a gram-positive organism that was "germ tube" positive.
Question
What is the most probable cause of the patients flank pain and dysuria?
1 Candida albicans
2 Escherichia coli
3 - ✔ ✔ read the last sentence bro
gr+,
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