NUR 2063 Pathophysiology Exam 1 (2024/2025) QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS || ALREADY GRADED A+ <LATEST VERSION>
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NUR 2063 Pathophysiology
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NUR 2063 Pathophysiology
NUR 2063 Pathophysiology Exam 1
(2024/2025) QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
ALREADY GRADED A+
<LATEST VERSION>
What is pathophysiology? - ANSWER The study of homeostasis. What the body
has to do to be at normal operating range. Etiology of disease. What is normal and
...
NUR 2063 Pathophysiology Exam 1
(2024/2025) QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
ALREADY GRADED A+
<LATEST VERSION>
What is pathophysiology? - ANSWER ✔ The study of homeostasis. What the body
has to do to be at normal operating range. Etiology of disease. What is normal and
abnormal.
General Adaptation Syndrome - ANSWER ✔ A cluster of systemic manifestations
that represent an attempt to cope with a stressor
Describe the Alarm phase - ANSWER ✔ Generalized stimulation of the
sympathetic nervous system, releases catacholamines and cortisol AKA fight or
flight.
Dump of adrenaline or epinephrine rush in the body.
Breathing is faster.
Describe the resistance stage of GAS - ANSWER ✔ During this stage the body
selects the most effective and economic channels of defense. During this stage the
cortisol levels that were present in the alarm stage drop because they are no longer
needed.
Trying to get away from the stress.
Describe the exhaustion stage of GAS - ANSWER ✔ Initiated if the stressor is
prolonged or overwhelms the body. When you are exhausted and done.
What is a sign? - ANSWER ✔ something that you can physically see
What is a symptom? - ANSWER ✔ Something that is felt by a person
, What is edema? - ANSWER ✔ Swelling/inflammation.
excess fluid in the interstitial spaces
Respiratory Alkalosis - ANSWER ✔ ph is high
PaCO2 is low
HCO3 is normal
Respiratory Acdiosis - ANSWER ✔ ph is low
PaCO2 is high
HCO3 is normal
Metabolic Alkalosis - ANSWER ✔ ph is high
PaCO2 is normal
HCO3 is high
Metabolic Acidosis - ANSWER ✔ pH is low
PaCO2 is normal
HCO3 is low
What causes Respiratory acidosis - ANSWER ✔ Slow, shallow respiration
respiratory congestion
What causes Respiratory alkalosis - ANSWER ✔ hyperventilation
What causes metabolic alkalosis - ANSWER ✔ Vomiting
excessive antacid use
The nurse correlates which physiological response to the secretion of renin by the
kidneys? - ANSWER ✔ Increase peripheral resistance (vasoconstriction) and
increase blood pressure
,Function of Ribosomes - ANSWER ✔ •is to aid in protein production
Most abundant electrolytes inside the cells (intracellular) are - ANSWER ✔
•potassium and magnesium
hyonatremia - ANSWER ✔ can result in seizures, coma, potentially fatal brain
swelling
Hypernatremia and increased serum osmolality are associated with - ANSWER ✔
•a deficit of water
A patient is experiencing hypovolemia - ANSWER ✔ they have insufficient
circulating blood volume
Clinical manifestations of fluid volume overload include - ANSWER ✔ dyspnea,
bounding pulses, and crackles
Signs of fluid volume deficit include - ANSWER ✔ ↓ blood pressure, ↓ urine
output, ↑ heart rate
Examples of insensible water losses include - ANSWER ✔ breathing and
sweating
Decreased plasma proteins can result in - ANSWER ✔ edema
albumin - ANSWER ✔ is a plasma protein responsible for maintaining colloidal
pressure and fluid balance in the blood vessels
Electrolyte movement across the capillary wall occurs through the process of -
ANSWER ✔ diffusion
The role of the lungs in maintaining - ANSWER ✔ •acid-base balance includes
elimination of carbonic acids
Clinical manifestations of a patient experiencing anaphylaxis: - ANSWER ✔
•narrowing of bronchioles, dilation of the peripheral blood vessels, increased
capillary permeability
, released during inflammatory responses such as hives, pruritis, swollen skin -
ANSWER ✔ Chemical mediators, histamine and prostaglandins
Release of histamine may result in - ANSWER ✔ •erythema of the skin
Autoimmune disease - ANSWER ✔ is best described as failure of the immune
system to distinguish "self" from "non-self"
Lymphocytes (type of WBC) play a role in - ANSWER ✔ cell-mediated immunity
and production of immunoglobulins
Leukocytosis - ANSWER ✔ increased number of WBC in the blood
An early common symptom of cancer - ANSWER ✔ fatigue
Goal of most systemic cancer treatments is to - ANSWER ✔ kill rapidly dividing
cells
Educating clients to prevent squamous cell carcinoma from sun exposure includes
- ANSWER ✔ applying sunscreen when outdoors
Tumor "grading" refers to - ANSWER ✔ the degree of differentiation on a scale
of 1 to 4 of malignant cancer cells
TNM staging system - ANSWER ✔ evaluates the tumor size, nodal involvement,
and metastatic progress
Benign tumors can be differentiated from malignant tumors because - ANSWER
✔ they are encapsulated and slow growing
Dehydration - ANSWER ✔ (ECF volume deficit)
Inadequate fluid intake
occurs when total body fluid levels are insufficient to meet body's needs. Lack of
volume in the body
Hypertonic Hydration (fluid overload) - ANSWER ✔ Excess fluid, lungs-difficult
to breathe, bounding pulse. Edema is an example
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