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Psych 439 Exam 1 Questions And Answers Latest Update $14.99   Add to cart

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Psych 439 Exam 1 Questions And Answers Latest Update

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Psych 439 Exam 1 Questions And Answers Latest Update

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  • November 1, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
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Solution 2024/2025
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Psych 439 Exam 1 Questions And Answers
Latest Update

Bicoid's role in head development ANS✔✔ Wherever bicoid is added, a head
can form (fully on its own)

Normal: bicoid is added to anterior end



Glial cells ANS✔✔ Divide throughout life, can cause formation of brain
tumors



Myelin ANS✔✔ Increases speed of a signal



Loss of myelin ANS✔✔ nerve impulses slow, disorder- multiple sclerosis (MS)



Preformationism ANS✔✔ 1600's view that development is simple
enlargement of a body plan



Epigenesis ANS✔✔ Body changes shape with new structure and grows more
complex (Aristotle)



Astrocytes ANS✔✔ Swell when damaged (edema)

responsible for symptoms associated with brain injury



Peripheral nervous sytem ANS✔✔ Consists of cranial nerves, spinal nerves,
autonomic system

, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper



Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) ANS✔✔ Exhibit anatomical, physiological, and
behavioral impairments

-change in facial features, stunted growth, intellectual disability



Methylation ANS✔✔ A chemical modification of the DNA that decreases
gene expression without altering the DNA



Increased Methylation = ANS✔✔ reduced gene expression

ex. Maternal Care



Epigenetics ANS✔✔ Pups that receive more licks and grooming as pups are
less responsive to stress

- more glucocorticoid receptors and can shut off their stress response more
easily

-Hypothalamus -> Pituitary -> Adrenals -> glucocorticoid to Hypothalamus

-LG removes the methyl group -> increased expression of the glucocorticoid
receptor



Visual Deprivation in cats (experience affects brain) ANS✔✔ Depriving one
eye of sight causes significant change in structure and function of visual
cortex

-most neurons will respond to both eyes, when one is sealed, neurons
switch to responding to working eye

-neurons never go back to normal even after opening eye

, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
Ontogeny ANS✔✔ Late 8-cell stage embryo -> Blastocyst -> 23-day embryo
-> 38-day embryo -> Fetus 7 months



Modern synthesis of evolution ANS✔✔ Fusion of Darwin's theory of evolution
by natural selection and Mendel's laws of discrete inheritance



Genes ANS✔✔ Specific DNA sequence embedded in chromosome that
specifies structure of proteins



Genotype ANS✔✔ genetic makeup of organism



Phenotype ANS✔✔ physical appearance of organism



Cell Differentiation ANS✔✔ process by which individual cells in a developing
metazoan become different from one another



Lineage ANS✔✔ First mechanism of cellular differentiation



Mitotic lineage ANS✔✔ a strict order of cell divisions that happen about the
same way in every individual worm

-can predict what a cell will become

-each fell's fate is determined by mitotic lineage



Embryonic Development ANS✔✔ Three distinct germ layers

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