This detailed Grade 12 IEB Physical Science summary covers stoichiometry fundamentals, including calculations for mass-mass, mass-volume, and volume-volume reactions. It explains mole ratios, limiting reactants, and percentage yield with examples, making it ideal for students needing a clear resour...
balanced to
must be obey law of conservation of mass the , balancing numbers
mole ratios between reactants and products
represent
-
H2 O2 H2O numbers referred to stoichiometric
(balancing
:
1 2
.
·
as
2 mol I mol 2 mol Coefficients)
-
used in
calculations
1 . Mass-mass calculations
calculate the mass of produced 29
example
oxygen when
4g of potassium
:
,
Chlorate decomposes completely according to the
following balanced
equation .
2k(10g(s) -
> 2k((is) + 30 19) ,
Step 1 Convert the mass to moles (n
given
:
M 39 35 5 3(16) mol
122
59
= + + = .
,
,
n
= =24
Step 2 : use mole ratio between KCIOs Cused) and Oz (formed)
KCLO3 :
Oz
2 mol :
3 mol
1 mol : 1 5 my
.
0 , 24mol :
1, 5 x 0, 24 =
0, 36 mol
Step 3 Calculate
:
the unknown
quantity (mass
o produced
02 M 2(16) mol
32g
: = =
.
M 32x0, 36 11 ,
529
m =
n .
= =
, . Mass-volume
2 calculations
25g of calcium carbonate reacts with excess dilute hydrochloric
example completely
:
balanced equation What
add
according
to the
following volume of carbon
.
dioxide collected at STP gas
CaCOz(s) +
2H(((aq)
-
>
CaCk(aq) + Hc0(1) + CO,
(g)
Step 1 Convert mass to moles (n)
given
:
+
M 40 3(16) mol
12
100g
= + + =
.
n
== =
0, 25
Step 2 : use mole ratio between CaCO3 Cused) and CO2produced
CaCO3 :
CO2
Ima : I mol
0 25 : 0, 25
,
Step 3 : Calculate the unknown
quantity (volume of CO2 produced
V nVm .
=
0 25. x 22 4 =
,
5 6 dm
,
. volume-volume
3 calculations
calculate the volume of
oxygen required
example : to convert 300dms of sulphur
sulphur trioxide at STP .
dioxide completely into
250 - (9) +
02(g) -
250319)
1 Convert volume
Step given to moles (n)
:
n = = = 13 , 393mo
Step 2 : use mole ratio between So, and 02
SO2 :
02
zmal : I mal
13 , 393 : 6 , 697
Step 3 Calculate the unknown
quantity (volume of O2 produced
:
V nVm
.
=
6, 697x22 4 =
150 01am ,
,
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller TanyaChigs. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $5.84. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
