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Exam (elaborations)

NUR 325 Final Exam Questions and Verified Answers 100% Guaranteed Pass

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NUR 325 Final Exam Questions and Verified Answers 100% Guaranteed Pass What is stenosis? - Stiffening or narrowing of the valve, really hard for the blood to make its way through the valve What is regurgitation? - The valve doesn't close completely and blood can go back through the valve the o...

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  • November 1, 2024
  • 36
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NUR 325
  • NUR 325
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©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
NUR 325 Final Exam Questions and

Verified Answers 100% Guaranteed Pass


What is stenosis? - ✔✔Stiffening or narrowing of the valve, really hard for

the blood to make its way through the valve

What is regurgitation? - ✔✔The valve doesn't close completely and blood

can go back through the valve the opposite way; valve becomes a two way

door

What does regurgitation cause? - ✔✔A murmur

What is Preload? - ✔✔The amount of stretch on the ventricles at the end of

diastole

How can preload be measured? - ✔✔Central Venous Pressure, Stroke

volume (The amount of blood the ventricles contracts/shoots out), Passive

Leg Raise

Passive leg raise to measure preload - ✔✔If stroke volume increases by

more than 10% when legs are raised above the head, could benefit from

more fluids

Ways to improve a low preload - ✔✔Fluids

,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Ways to improve a high preload - ✔✔Diuretics or dialysis in the case of

kidney failure

Physical Assessment of Low Preload - ✔✔Hypovolemic so dry skin, dry

mucus membranes, low skin turgor, orthostatic

Physical Assessment of High Preload - ✔✔Hypervolemic so edema,

crackles on lungs, hypoxic, SOB, weaping

What is Afterload? - ✔✔The amount of resistance the ventricles have to

face at the end of systole

How to measure Afterload - ✔✔SVR (Systemic Vascular Resistance): how

dilated/constricted blood vessels are

How to improve a low Afterload - ✔✔Vasopressin, dopamine (high doses),

norepinephrine, epinephrine

How to improve a high Afterload - ✔✔Nitroglycerin, Nicardipine, Labetelol

What is contractility? - ✔✔How the heart is squeezing

Ways to Measure Contractility - ✔✔Cardiac output, cardiac index (more

individualized)

Ways to improve Contractility - ✔✔Epinephrine, dopamine and

dobutamine, digoxin

,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
What are example of invasive lines? - ✔✔Peripheral lines, Arterial lines,

Central Venous Catheter, and Pulmonary Artery line

How to care for a Arterial Line? - ✔✔Give fluids so that the line doesn't clot

off, Make sure to watch distally to the insertion sight, Insertion sight always

staying covered, Transducer needs to be level to fourth intercostal space

midaxillary line (heart) and the level needs to be 0

What if a transducer is too low? - ✔✔Artificially too high of a BP

What if a transducer is too high? - ✔✔Artificially too low of a BP

How to care for a Peripheral Line? - ✔✔Check for infiltration, redness and

swelling at the sight, Check for infection

How to care for a Central Venous Catheter? - ✔✔Inserting sterile and

keeping a sterile dressing over it, Clean off ports before you give

medication, Green caps that are full of alcohol to keep the ports clean when

they aren't being used, Flush every 8 hours, CHG bath, bath every day in

general

How to care for a Pulmonary Arterial Line? - ✔✔Similar to Central Lines

Normal Sinus - ✔✔PR interval 0.20, QRS interval less than .11, Rate is 60-

100

, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Sinus Bradycardia - ✔✔PR interval 0.20, QRS interval less than .11, Rate

is less than 60

Sinus Brady Symptoms - ✔✔o Decreased level of consciousness

o Decreased capillary refill

o Lightheaded, dizzy

o Cool, clammy skin

o Fatigue

How to treat sinus brady? - ✔✔Give Atropine, Epinephrine, Dopamine

Sinus Tachycardia - ✔✔PR interval 0.20, QRS interval less than .11, Rate

is over 100

Symptoms of Sinus Tachy - ✔✔Similar to Bradycardia

How to treat Sinus Tachycardia - ✔✔- Treat underlying cause like pain,

anxiety, stress

- Beta blockers

SVT (Supraventricular Tachycardia) - ✔✔QRS interval is less than .11, no

ST elevation, Very high rate, cannot measure PR interval

How to treat SVT - ✔✔Vasovagal Maneuvers (blow into a straw, cough,

bear down), Adenosine, Betablockers or calcium channel blockers, and

cardioversion

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