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NURS218 Exam #3 Questions and Answers 100% Solved | Graded A+
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NURS218 Exam #3 Questions and Answers 100% Solved | Graded A+ Psychological dependence - feelings of satisfaction and pleasure from taking a drug Intoxication - symptoms caused by recent ingestion of a substance physical dependence - physiological adaption to a chronic use of a substance wit...

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  • November 1, 2024
  • 18
  • 2024/2025
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©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

NURS218 Exam #3 Questions and

Answers 100% Solved | Graded A+


Psychological dependence - ✔✔feelings of satisfaction and pleasure from

taking a drug

Intoxication - ✔✔symptoms caused by recent ingestion of a substance

physical dependence - ✔✔physiological adaption to a chronic use of a

substance

withdrawal - ✔✔unpleasant symptoms that occur when the drug is stopped,

its actions antagonized, or dosage is decreased

tolerance - ✔✔when increasing doses are required to obtain psychological

effects or avoid physical withdrawal symptoms

Identify characteristics of substance abuse and dependence - ✔✔-all ages

-abuses one drug means possible abuse of others

-smoking/inhaling is the preferred route

-inject drug users are at risk for hepatitis & HIV

,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

Substance abuse - ✔✔DEFINITION: self administration for long periods/in

excessive amounts, physical dependence, and/or impairs body organ

functions

ETIOLOGY: genetics, personality characteristics

PATHPHYS: activate the pleasure or reward system in the brain

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS: vary by abuse

Major goals of treatment for substance abuse - ✔✔detoxification, initiation

of abstinence, and prevention of relapse

Disulfiram (Antabuse) - ✔✔ACTION: causes irreversible inhibition of

aldehyde dehydrogenase

USE: to maintain abstinance

ADVERSE EFFECTS: nausea, copious vomiting, headache

Flumazenil (Romazicon) - ✔✔ACTION: competes at benzodiazepine

receptors

USE: reversal of benzodiazepine receptors (benzo overdose)

ADVERSE EFFECTS: acute withdrawal symptoms such as agitation,

confusion, seizures

BBW

, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

Bupropion (Zyban) - ✔✔ACTION: norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake

inhibitor (NDRI)

USE: major depression, smoking cessation

ADVERSE EFFECTS: headache, trouble sleeping, agitation

Alcohol - ✔✔EFFECTS: enhances GABA, or inhibits glutamate. causes

impaired thinking, judgement, and coordination

WITHDRAWAL: anxiety, depression, headache, tremor, hallucinations,

seizures. Delirium Tremors are the most severe form of alc. withdrawal.

TREATMENT: psychological counseling, self-help groups, naltrexone,

disolfram. benzos could be used

Benzodiazepines - ✔✔EFFECTS: enhances GABA, sedation

WITHDRAWAL: respiratory depression & coma, feelings of anxiety

TREATMENTS: Flumazonil

Opioids - ✔✔EFFECTS: respiratory depression, hypoglycemia

WITHDRAWAL: agitation, usual withdrawal symptoms

TREATMENTS: naloxone (acute), methadone (to maintain abstinence)

Nicotine - ✔✔EFFECTS: cardiovascular (release norepi & epi, increase HR

& BP) GI (increase secretion of gastric acids), increase alertness

WITHDRAWAL: hostility, insomnia, nervousness, cravings

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