Nursing 3050 Exam #1 Questions and
Answers
Pathophysiology - Answer-the study of the underlying changes in body physiology that
result from disease or injury
disease - Answer-deviation from the normal state of wellness
Etiology - Answer-study of causative factors
atrophy - Answer-decrease in size of cells
hypertrophy - Answer-increase in cell size
Hyperplasia - Answer-increase in number of cells
Metaplasia - Answer-reversible replacement of one mature cell type by another less
mature cell type
Dysplasia - Answer-abnormal changes in cell size/shape
anaplasia - Answer-poor cell differentiation
necrosis - Answer-tissue death
1st line of defense - Answer-(Innate) skin and mucous membranes, earwax, natural
responses such as coughing
2nd line of defense - Answer-inflammatory response
3rd line of defense - Answer-Adaptive immunity - *Specialized lymphocytes*
(B cells, T cells - helper / killer)
What is the vascular response and how does WBC responds to 2nd line of defense? -
Answer--blood vessel dilation
-increased vascular permeability
white blood cells cling to the inner walls of the vessels
what immune cell is responsible for activation and regulation of immune response -
Answer-T-helper (CD4)
partial or total loss of one or more immune system components - Answer-
Immunosuppression
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