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NURB 3050 Exam 4 Questions with Correct Answers
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NURB 3050 Exam 4 Questions with Correct Answers
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NURB 3050 Exam 4 Questions withCorrect Answers
Endocrine System - Answer-composed of glands that create hormones that carry out
different functions
Functions of the Endocrine System - Answer--stimulation of growth and development
- coordination of the male and female reproductive system
- maintenance of internal environment
- adaptation to emergency demands of body
What are the two systems of the primary communication and coordination? - Answer-
Endocrine and Nervous
Hormones - Answer-chemical substances that are used for communication in the
endocrine system
Glands - Answer-organs of the endocrine system
Hormones - Answer-- aka chemical messengers
- chemical substance secreted by a specific organ or tissue
- secreted in small, variable but predictable rates
- circulates in the blood
- bind to specific receptors
Hormone Functions - Answer-reproduction, response to stress, electrolyte balance,
energy metabolism, growth, maturation, and aging, regulate nervous tissue, and
influence behavior
What are two most common locations for hormone receptors? - Answer-- inside the cell
- on cell membrane
Lock and Key Mechanism - Answer-Hormones act only on cells that have receptors
specific to that hormone, because the shape of the receptor determines which hormone
can react with it.
Usually, what does hormone secretion depend on? - Answer-body's need for the final
action of that hormone
Which form of feedback is more common? - Answer-Negative
Example of Negative Feedbacl - Answer-when a body condition starts to move away
from the normal range, secretion of the hormone is capable of starting the correcting
action or response is stimulated until the need (demand) is met, and the body condition
,returns to the normal range. As the correction occurs, hormone secretion decreases
(and may halt).
Negative Feedback - Answer-the gland responds by increasing or decreasing the
secretion of a hormone based on feedback from various factors.
Which gland is known as the master gland? - Answer-pituitary gland
Hypothalamus - Answer-brain region controlling the pituitary gland
Thyroid Gland - Answer-affects metabolism, among other things
Testis - Answer-secretes male sex hormones
Pituitary Gland - Answer-secretes many different hormones, some of which affect other
glands
Parathyroids - Answer-help regulate the level of calcium in the blood
Adrenal Glands - Answer-helps trigger fight or flight response
Pancreas - Answer-Regulates the level of sugar in the blood
Ovary - Answer-secretes female sex hormones
Why is the relationship between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland important? -
Answer-Integrates communication between nervous and endocrine system
Where is the hypothalamus located? - Answer-center of brain
What are the two groups of hormones? - Answer-releasing and inhibiting
What are the two functions of the hormones of the hypothalamus? - Answer-stimulate
(release) or inhibit the secretion of hormones from the pituitary
What is the central station for stress response? - Answer-Hypothalamic-pituitary axis
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis - Answer-- brain sends signals to the pituitary to adrenal
glands to release cortisol
pituitary gland - Answer-- about the size of a pea
- two parts: anterior and posterior
What connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus? - Answer-infundibular stalk
, Which portion of the pituitary accounts for about 80% of the gland's weight? - Answer-
Anterior
What typically causes a dysfunction in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis? - Answer-
lesions, rupture or pressure from traumatic brain injury, surgical removal or stem tumors
Secretions of the Posterior Pituitary - Answer-oxytocin and ADH
Secretions of the Anterior Pituitary - Answer-growth hormone, thyroid stimulating
hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormones, gonadotropic hormones (FSH,LH), and
melanocyte-stimulating hormones
How is the anterior pituitary regulated? - Answer-by releasing and inhibiting hormones
of the hypothalamus
Hypothalamus-Hypophyseal Portal System - Answer-network of capillaries that enable
hypothalamic hormones to reach the anterior pituitary
Tropic Hormones - Answer-- control other gland hormone secretion
- TSH, ACTH, Gonadotropic Hormones (FSH, LH), MSH, GH, and Prolactin
TSH - Answer-Thyroid Stimulating hormone stimulate the thyroid gland to secrete
thyroid hormone
ACTH - Answer-adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete
corticosteroids
FSH - Answer-follicle-stimulating hormone that stimulates secretion of estrogen and
development of ova and sperm
LH - Answer-Luteinizing Hormone that stimulates ovulation in female and secretion of
hormones in males and females
melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) - Answer-- protects skin from UV rays
- development of pigmentation' control of appetite
Growth Hormone (GH) - Answer-aide in growth and development
Prolactic - Answer-Iactogenic hormone
Releasing Hormone: CRH - Answer-ACTH main target of tropic hormone ADRENAL
CORTEX which produces CORTICOSTERIODS
Releasing Hormone: TRH - Answer-TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) main target is
the THYROID which produces Thyroid hormones
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