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Exam (elaborations)

Btec Sport - Skeletal System Exam Latest Update (A+ Graded)

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Btec Sport - Skeletal System Exam Latest Update (A+ Graded)...

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  • November 1, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • Btec Sport - Skeletal System
  • Btec Sport - Skeletal System
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Chrisyuis
Btec Sport - Skeletal System Exam Latest
Update (A+ Graded)


What is an osteoblast? - Answer - growth & repair = bone remodelling

- Bring calcium to the bone

- osteoblast activity inc when exercising (heavy resistance)

= bones will become more dense + stronger

- reduces osteoporosis



What is an osteoclast? - Answer - unnecessary Ca+ is removed from certain parts of
bone

- dissolve bone

= while new layers of bone tissue are created

- come from bone marrow



Long bone - Answer - Allows large ROM such as a bowl swing in cricket using the
humerus long bone

- found in limbs + muscular attachment

- e.g. femur & phalanges



Short bone - Answer - Absorbs shock

- weight bearing +

- small, light & strong at joints

- e.g. tarsals when running

(Wide + short = short bone) (wide + long = long bone)

,Flat bone - Answer - E.g Sternum

- increased SA = site for muscles

- protection, eg vital organs

- Smaller



Irregular bones - Answer - Shape is complicated Eg vertebrae protects Spinal Column

- mechanical protection

- sites of muscle attachment eg erector spinae to sacrum

- other eg. = patella



Sesamoid bones - Answer - Typically found within a tendon or muscle = protection

- provide surface for tendons to move across

= increase in movement at joint

e.g Patella + phalanges



List the type of joints used at the elbow and wrist + articulating bones + movement
produced - Answer - Elbow -> Hinge -> Humerus + Radius + ulna -> flexion + extension

- Wrist -> Gliding -> Humerus, radius, carpals (ulna not a part of wrist) -> flexion,
extension, adduction, abduction



Anterior - Answer To the front



Posterior - Answer To the behind



Medial - Answer Towards the midline



Lateral - Answer Away from the midline

, Proximal - Answer Near to root (origin) of body e.g Proximal of the arm is the shoulder



Distal - Answer Away from the root E.g Hand



Superior - Answer Above



Inferior - Answer Below



Axial Skeleton - Answer Skull, Thoracic cage, Vertebrae



What are the names, how many discs each of them have and order of how the vertebrae
run? -Answer- Cervical-7

Thoracic-12

Lumbar-5

Sacrum-5

Coccyx-4



What is the function of the cervical section of the spinal column? -Answer support the
weight of the head



What does the first 2 of the vertebrae in the cervical vertebrae call? And what is their
function? - Answer Atlas (C1) & Axis (C2)

- form a pivot joint = allows head + neck to move side to side

= smallest + most vulnerable in vertebrae column



What is the function of thoracic section of the spinal column? - Answer Allows the
attachment of the ribs



What is the function of the lumbar section of the spinal column? - Answer - Largest and

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