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PHAR 100 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass | Latest Update

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PHAR 100 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass | Latest Update Drugs - substances other than food that change the structure or function of the body or mind. Any substance received by a biological system that is not received for nutritive purposes. Pharmacology - study of drugs/ the science of d...

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  • November 1, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • PHAR 100
  • PHAR 100
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PHAR 100 Exam Questions and Answers

100% Pass | Latest Update


Drugs - ✔✔substances other than food that change the structure or

function of the body or mind. Any substance received by a biological

system that is not received for nutritive purposes.

Pharmacology - ✔✔study of drugs/ the science of drugs

historical influences on pharmacology - ✔✔1. ancient civilizations

2. poisons

3. religion

Ancient Chinese role in pharmacology - ✔✔earliest recorded drug

experiments come from China in 2700 BC. Drugs classified according to

taste

Ancient Egyptian influence on pharmacology - ✔✔history recorded on

papyri. The Ebers Papyrus (1500 BCE) was a textbook of drug use for

medical students

,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Ebers Papyrus - ✔✔An Egyptian document, dated approximately 1500

B.C., containing more than eight hundred prescriptions for common

ailments and diseases

Shen Nung - ✔✔Father of Chinese Medicine, emperor who classified all

drugs according to taste

Ancient Greek influence on pharmacology - ✔✔380 BCE, Theophrastus

wrote a textbook on therapeutics

- includes detailed information on opium

- obtained this material from the opium poppy

Theophrastus - ✔✔Third century BC Greek philosopher and naturalist.

Wrote a textbook on therapeutics including information on opium

Aristotle - ✔✔A Greek Philosopher, taught Alexander the Great, started a

famous school, studied with Plato. Taught Theophrastus

Opium - ✔✔substance derived from the opium poppy from which all

narcotic drugs are derived

The influence of religion on pharmacology - ✔✔Medicine men acted as

both physicians and priests. plants containing Intoxicating substances were

used to alter the state of consciousness and facilitate communication with

their gods. Therapy heavily influenced by religion and magic.

,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Mescaline - ✔✔natural hallucinogen derived from the peyote cactus

buttons. Causes hallucinations, a feeling of well-being, and distortion of

perception (similar to effects of LSD)

LSD - ✔✔a powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid (lysergic acid

diethylamide). Causes hallucinations, a feeling of well-being and distortion

of perception. Synthesis based on structure of ergot alkaloids

The influence of poisons on pharmacology - ✔✔According to the 16th c.

Swiss physician Paracelsus, "All substances are poisons, there is none

which is not a poison"

Curare - ✔✔Used by indigenous people of the amazon, arrows dipped in it.

Acts upon voluntary muscles causing paralysis and death.



Eventually used by anesthetists during surgery, a small dose given to relax

muscles facilitating surgeon's work

Ergot poisoning symptoms - ✔✔restricted blood flow to limbs (limbs

become black and die off), hallucinogenic, mental frenzy, violent

contractions of the uterus (small amount could be useful in hastening

labour)

two active principles isolated for drug use

, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
migraines - ✔✔intense headaches, typically perceived from one half of the

head, that recur regularly and can be difficult to treat. May be caused by

pulsation of arterial blood vessels to the head.

drug? ergotamine

zinc oxide - ✔✔ZnO, considered of great importance in ancient therapies,

still found in a number of topical creams today (diaper rash creams)

Modern sources of drugs - ✔✔synthetic chemical compounds and plant

sources (active substance purified and modified to make it less toxic or

more effective)

Drugs discovered in the 19th century - ✔✔Nitrous Oxide -> laughing gas,

acts on the brain



Ether -> an anaesthetic, acts on the brain

Drugs discovered in the 20th century - ✔✔reserpine -> reduces anxiety,

acts on the brain



LSD -> from ergot, a hallucinogen, acts on the brain

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