NYU CAMS Children and the Media w-
Nicole Fibster - Quizlet
Child Development - answer How a child becomes able to do more complex things as
they get older.
Developmental Milestones – answer A set of functional skills of age-specific tasks that
most children can do at a certain age range.
Piaget - answer Most famous for his "Stages of Cognitive Development." Constructed a
cognitive theory of the way our thinking develops over time, positing that as the human
brain matures we become capable of more complex methods of thinking.
Sensorimotor - Birth to 2 Years (Piaget) - answer Primarily sensory/motor cognition, no
internal schemas, no object permanence.
Schema - answerAn internal representation of the world that acts as a framework on
which the child bases its knowledge of its environment.
Egocentrism - answerChild has no concept of self so they are unable to distinguish self
from environment (or mother).
Object Permanence - answerThe understanding that objects continue to exist even
when they cannot be perceived. Studies show that children develop a sense of object
permanence around 8 months.
Primary Circular Reactions - answerAn action of his own which serves as a stimulus to
which it responds with the same action, and around and around they go.
Secondary Circular Reactions - answerAn act that extends out to the environment.
Mental Representations - answerAbility to hold an image in their mind for a period
beyond the immediate experience.
Deferred Imitation - answerWatching someone perform an act and then performing that
action at a later date.
Preoperational - 2-7 Years (Piaget) - answerDominated by external world, development
of simple schemas, equilibrium/disequilibrium describe scheme satisfaction Orr
incongruence with the surrounding world. Thinking is magical/illogical. Egocentrism
persists.
, Operation - answerA mental rule for manipulating objects or ideas into new forms, and
then being able to manipulate them back again.
Adaptation - answerRefers to how a child changes over time as it makes sense of the
world in which it lives. Adaptation comes about through the processes of assimilation
and accommodation.
Assimilation - answerNew information or experiences can be fitted into the child's
existing schema or current understanding of the world.
Accommodation - answerNew information or experiences which do not fit into the child's
current understanding. Child either has to alter existing schema or create a whole new
schema.
Animism - answerThe tendency to attribute feelings to inanimate objects.
Realism - answerBelieving that psychological events, such as dreams, are real.
Preoperational Lack of Conservation of Mass - answerThe inability to realize that some
things remain unchanged despite looking different. The inability to realize that some
things remain unchanged despite looking different.
Concrete Operations - 7-11 Years (Piaget) - answerClassifying by using more than one
dimension of change. Belief rules are absolute. Beginning to understand logical
principles. Developing same-sex peer relationships. Emergence of logical thinking -
sequencing and serializing.
Forrmal Operations - answer"Formal" refers to the ability to concentrate on the form of
an argument without being distracted by the content, seeing situations both in and out of
context.
Ego Identity (Erikson) - answerDeveloped by Erikson, the conscious sense of self that
we develop through social interaction. Constantly changing due to new experience and
information we acquire in our daily interactions with others.
Ego Strength/Quality (Erikson) - answerWithin Erikson's model, the feeling of mastery
over one of the age competency levels.
Conflict (Erikson) - answerWithin Erikson's model, a conflict is a moment which brings
about a turning point of personal development.
Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - 0-18 Months (Erikson) - answerMost fundamental age. Infant
is entirely dependant, therefore trust depends on the reliability of the caregiver.
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