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Histology for CSMLS Exam Questions And Correct Answers (A+ Graded)
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Histology for CSMLS Exam Questions And CorrectAnswers (A+ Graded)
3 types of Carbohydrates demonstrated in tissues - Answer Glycoproteins,
polysaccharides, proteoglycans
What stain is used for glycogen? - Answer PAS - because glycogen has vicin diols
Where is glycogen found in the body? - Answer Liver, skeletel and cardiac muscle, hair
follicles, vaginal and ectocervical epithelium, mesothelium cells, neutrophils and
megakaryocytes.
What is responsible for the staining reaction of Glycoproteins? - Answer sialic acid
goups and vicin diols (PAS), also contains carboxyl acid group (Alcian Blue).
Where in the body can glycoproteins be found? - Answer Most are associated with
epithelial tissues. They are classified as either neutral or acidic depending on whether
they contain a Sulphate or Carboxylate residues.
What do neutral glycoproteins lack? Where do you see them? - Answer They lack bother
Carboxylate COOH and Sulphate SO3H. They are found in goblet cells in the stomach as
well as paneth cell granules in the small bowel.
Where in the body are acidic glycoproteins containing only COOH found? - Answer
Submaxillary gland, small intestine, fetal extracellular matrix, upper part of colonic
crypts and sublingual gland.
Where in the body are acidic glycoproteins containing both COOH and SO3H found? -
Answer Mainly colonic goblet cells.
What are Proteoglycans (Glycosaminoglycans)? - Answer Large, unbranched
carbohydrates with small poly peptide chains.
, Name one location in the body where you can find Proteoglycans. - Answer Connective
tissues such as cartilage, bone, tendons, ect. Referred to as acid or neutral mucins.
What chemical within a Carbohydrate reacts with Cationic dyes? - Answer The acid
containing sugar (COOH or SO3H)
What are the common stains for Carbohydrates ? - Answer PAS, Alcian Blue
Muricarmine, Colloidal iron, Metachromasia, Lectins
2 major steps in PAS procedure? - Answer Oxidise carbohs with periodic acid to form
aldehydes
Showing the presence of formed aldehydes using Schiffs reagent.
Possible false PAS positives? - Answer When glutaraldehyde is used as a fixative, and
only some lipids of frozen sections
What happens to Schiffs reagent in PAS? -Answer It is attracted to an reacts with
aldehydes.
Some Proteoglycans contain vicin diols but do not stain with PAS, why ? - Answer
Because the periodate ion is repelled by the COO and SO3, therefore oxidation does not
occur and the aldehydes are not exposed.
How do you distinguish staining between glycogen and neutral glycoproteins ? - Answer
By using enzymes such as diastase or amylase which digest glycogen. The remaining
stain after treatment is therefor neutral glycoproteins.
What type of dye stains acidic substances? - Cationic dyes.
What type of dye is Alcian blue? - Cationic
What are the 2 types of Alcian blue stain? - pH of 1.0 and 2.5
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