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Bio 152 Exam 1|73 Questions and Answers A+ Graded
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Bio 152 Exam 1|73 Questions andAnswers A+ Graded
Which structure is/are responsible for maintaining the resting potential? - -
Leak channels (un-gated ion channels) and sodium potassium pumps
- Stage D (on the graph) is the ________ stage and during this stage the
______ are open. - -undershoot: voltage-gated potassium ion channel
- You could make the positive voltage peak of the action potential lower by:
- -closing the deactivation fat of Voltage-gated sodium ion channel at a
faster rate
- To prevent the undershoot stage (D) the ______ would have to close at a
________ rate. - -Voltage-gated sodium ion channel; faster
- If the axon was at resting potential, what would happen if you blocked all
leak channels, but left the sodium-potassium pump running? - -The
membrane potential would become more negative
- What if you engineered a neuron with a voltage-gated calcium channel tat
stayed open longer than a typical neuron. Compared to a typical neuron,
how would this engineered neuron's action potential differ? - -It would be the
same
- Normally the sodium-potassium pump moves three sodium ions for every
two potassium ions. What would happen to the resting potential if the pump
moved six sodium ions and four potassium ions? - -It would become more
negative
- Blocking the voltage-gated calcium channels in a neuron would: - -prevent
the release of neurotransmitter into the synapse
- When a new mutation in a gene occurs, what is the potential fate of the
individual having that change? - -They may be more successful at surviving
and reproducing than those in the population that don't have the new trait.
They may be less successful at surviving and reproducing than those in the
population that don't have the new trait.
They may be no different in their success at surviving and reproducing than
those in the population that don't have the new trait.
All of the above
- A mutation of a regulator gene increases the production of negatively
charged macromolecules inside a nerve cell. What effect would this have on
, the ability of the cell to propagate an actin potential? - -It would hyper
polarize the cell and make it less likely to fire.
- If you experimentally increase the concentration of Na+ outside a cell
while maintaining other ion concentrations as they were, what would happen
to the cell's membrane potential? - -The membrane potential would
increase, and the inside would be more negative compared to the outside
- What is the evidence that hemoglobin was no longer necessary for ice fish
to transport oxygen to their body tissue? - -The lose and degradation of the
genes responsible for the globin part of the hemoglobin
- What does it mean to say an animal is a homeothermic ectotherm? - -Its
body temperature does not vary and it gets most of its heat from outside its
body
- Which is not an adaptation of Ice fish to increase the exchange of oxygen
in cold water? - -The lose of scales and increase in capillary size in the skin
The lose of the ability to produce hemoglobin
The evolution of a larger heart
The evolution of increased gill surface area
All of the above are adaptations to increase the exchange of oxygen
- From the list below, what advantage(s) does an endothermic animal have
over an ectothermic animal?
i) enzymes at optimal temperature at all times
ii) greater proportion of energy goes to reproduction
iii) must obtain large quantities of energy-rich food
iv) can remain active in winter
v) can sustain very high levels of aerobic activities like running and flying
vi) more vulnerable to predation in cold weather
vii) able to thrive with much lower food intake
viii) muscular activity and digestion slow down as body temperature drops -
-i, iv, and v
- If the body's internal temperature is higher than the set point, which of the
following responses are likely to be triggered?
i) sweating
ii) constriction of capillaries near the surface of the skin
iii) increased breathing rate
iv) increase in cellular metabolism throughout the body
v) muscles shivering
vi) dilation of capillaries near the surface of the skin - -i, iii, and vi
- The concentrations of ions inside and outside a nerve cell are maintained
at asymmetric levels due to: - -sodium-potassium pumps
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