BARKLEY PRE EXAM AND POST EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 240 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS with rationales ALREADY GRADED A+
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Course
BARKLEY nur
Institution
BARKLEY Nur
BARKLEY PRE EXAM AND POST EXAM NEWEST 2024
ACTUAL EXAM 240 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS with rationales ALREADY
GRADED A+
:
1. Which of the following is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors?
o A) Hyperkalemia
o B) Hypokalemia
o C) Weight gain
o D) Bradycardia
Answer: A) Hyp...
BARKLEY PRE EXAM AND POST EXAM NEWEST 2024
ACTUAL EXAM 240 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS with rationales ALREADY
GRADED A+
:
1. Which of the following is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors?
o A) Hyperkalemia
o B) Hypokalemia
o C) Weight gain
o D) Bradycardia
Answer: A) Hyperkalemia
o Rationale: ACE inhibitors can increase potassium levels due to their mechanism
of inhibiting aldosterone, which promotes potassium excretion. Monitoring
potassium levels is essential in patients on these medications.
2. What is the primary action of beta-blockers in the management of hypertension?
o A) Decrease heart rate
o B) Increase blood volume
o C) Promote vasodilation
o D) Inhibit the renin-angiotensin system
Answer: A) Decrease heart rate
o Rationale: Beta-blockers primarily work by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors,
leading to a decrease in heart rate and myocardial contractility, which lowers
cardiac output and blood pressure.
3. A patient presents with a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the
following lab values is most important to monitor initially?
o A) Hemoglobin A1c
o B) Fasting blood glucose
o C) Lipid profile
o D) Serum creatinine
Answer: A) Hemoglobin A1c
o Rationale: Hemoglobin A1c provides an overview of average blood glucose
levels over the past 2-3 months, helping to assess the need for treatment and
monitor ongoing management.
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4. Which medication is considered first-line treatment for major depressive disorder?
o A) Bupropion
o B) Fluoxetine
o C) Sertraline
o D) Venlafaxine
Answer: B) Fluoxetine
o Rationale: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like fluoxetine are
typically considered first-line due to their efficacy, safety profile, and tolerability
in treating major depressive disorder.
5. In a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which of the
following is a common clinical finding?
o A) Clubbing of the fingers
o B) Use of accessory muscles during respiration
o C) Hyperresonance on percussion
o D) Bradycardia
Answer: B) Use of accessory muscles during respiration
o Rationale: Patients with COPD often exhibit increased work of breathing, leading
to the use of accessory muscles, especially during exacerbations or periods of
increased respiratory distress.
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6. What is the primary mechanism of action of metformin?
o A) Increases insulin secretion
o B) Decreases hepatic glucose production
o C) Enhances glucose absorption in the intestine
o D) Promotes renal glucose excretion
Answer: B) Decreases hepatic glucose production
o Rationale: Metformin primarily works by reducing the amount of glucose
produced by the liver, thereby lowering blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes
patients.
7. Which of the following conditions is contraindicated for the use of NSAIDs?
o A) Osteoarthritis
o B) Asthma
o C) Peptic ulcer disease
o D) Rheumatoid arthritis
Answer: C) Peptic ulcer disease
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o Rationale: NSAIDs can exacerbate peptic ulcer disease due to their potential to
cause gastric mucosal irritation and inhibit protective prostaglandins.
8. A patient presents with a sudden onset of chest pain, shortness of breath, and
diaphoresis. What is the priority nursing action?
o A) Administer nitroglycerin
o B) Obtain an ECG
o C) Start oxygen therapy
o D) Call a code
Answer: B) Obtain an ECG
o Rationale: While administering oxygen and nitroglycerin are important,
obtaining an ECG is the priority to assess for possible acute coronary syndrome.
9. What is the recommended initial treatment for a patient with anaphylaxis?
o A) Antihistamines
o B) Corticosteroids
o C) Epinephrine
o D) Beta-agonists
Answer: C) Epinephrine
o Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, as it rapidly
reverses the symptoms by causing vasoconstriction and bronchodilation.
10. Which lab test is most indicative of liver function?
o A) BUN
o B) Creatinine
o C) AST and ALT
o D) Hemoglobin
Answer: C) AST and ALT
o Rationale: Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase
(ALT) are enzymes released during liver injury and are key indicators of liver
function.
11. What is a common side effect of long-term corticosteroid therapy?
o A) Hyperkalemia
o B) Osteoporosis
o C) Hypoglycemia
o D) Hypertension
Answer: B) Osteoporosis
o Rationale: Long-term use of corticosteroids can lead to decreased bone density
and an increased risk of osteoporosis.
12. A patient with heart failure presents with dyspnea and orthopnea. Which of the
following assessments is most important?
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