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Biology 2B03 Midterm Exam Study Guide Solutions Polypeptide - ANSWER-A linear array of amino acids is the primary shape of the protein Peptide bond - ANSWER-Bond from one amino acid residue at N-terminus (5') to C-terminus (3') of another amino acid residue Characteristics of hydrophilic amino...

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  • November 3, 2024
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Biology 2B03 Midterm Exam Study Guide

Solutions


Polypeptide - ANSWER✔✔-A linear array of amino acids is the primary shape of the protein


Peptide bond - ANSWER✔✔-Bond from one amino acid residue at N-terminus (5') to C-terminus (3') of

another amino acid residue


Characteristics of hydrophilic amino acids - ANSWER✔✔-- Charged/ionized at pH 7.0


- Polar side chains


- Can participate in H-bonding


- Either have -OH at end, or -NH2 at end


Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids - ANSWER✔✔-- Unable to forum H-bonds


- Saturated hydrocarbons, long chain of alkyls


Names of Basic Amino Acids - ANSWER✔✔-Lysine (Lys), Arginine (Arg)


Names of Acidic Amino Acids - ANSWER✔✔-Aspartic Acid (Asp), Glutamic Acid (Glu)


Cysteine - ANSWER✔✔-A special amino acid


- Forms disulphide bridges between other Cysteine


Glycine - ANSWER✔✔-A special amino acid


- Just a Hydrogen for a R group. It's small so it allows bend in a polypeptide chain

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, Copyright © KAYLIN 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH NOVEMBER, 2024


Proline - ANSWER✔✔-A special amino acid


- Forces a kink in the peptide chain


Histidine - ANSWER✔✔-A special amino acid


- Shifts from positive charge (@ pH 5.8) to a neutral charge (@ pH 7.8)


Primary Protein Structure - ANSWER✔✔-Linear arrangement of amino acids. Sequence is determined by

the nucleotide sequence of encoding gene


Secondary Protein Structure - ANSWER✔✔-Conformation of a portion of the polypeptide


Alpha Helix - ANSWER✔✔-Spiral caused by hydrogen bonding of a carbonyl oxygen and an amide

hydrogen 4 residues away


Beta Sheet - ANSWER✔✔-Planar structure, caused by hydrogen bonding between adjacent beta strands


Beta Turn - ANSWER✔✔-Connector caused by 3 amino acids, hydrogen bonding connecting beta sheets

at residue 1 & 4. Proline at position 2 induces sharp bend, Glycine @ position 3 minimizes steric

hinderance


Motif - ANSWER✔✔-Combination of secondary structure that's associated with a specific function


Coiled-coil Motif - ANSWER✔✔-2 Alpha Helices are wrapped around one another in a helix. Hydrophobic

R groups are in the middle of the 2 coils, binding the 2 coils together while the hydrophilic groups are on

the outside of the coil


Leucine Zipper - ANSWER✔✔-Simple version of a coiled-coil motif. Has a pattern of Leucine x6.

Commonly found in DNA binding proteins since it can fit in the grooves of double stranded DNA




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