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Exam (elaborations) N123 Burn Management
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Exam (elaborations) N123 Burn Management
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N123 Burn Management QAThe nurse is caring for a patient with partial- and full-thickness burns to 65% of the
body. When planning nutritional interventions for this patient, what dietary choices
should the nurse implement?
1
Full liquids only
2
Whatever the patient requests
3
High-protein and low-sodium foods
4
High-calorie and high-protein foods - (correct answer)4
A hypermetabolic state occurs proportional to the size of the burn area. Massive
catabolism can occur and is characterized by protein breakdown and increased
gluconeogenesis. Caloric needs are often in the 5000-kcal range. Failure to supply
adequate calories and protein leads to malnutrition and delayed healing.
Text Reference - p. 464
A nurse is teaching a patient's caregivers about the immediate action to be taken in
case of burns of more than 10% of body surface area. What reasons does the nurse
provide for avoiding the use of ice on the burned body part? Select all that apply.
1
Ice can cause hypothermia.
2
Ice can stop further tissue damage.
3
Ice can cause vasoconstriction.
4
, Ice can reduce blood flow to the burned area.
5
Ice can increase the blood flow to the burned area. - (correct answer)1, 3, 4
Ice can cause hypothermia, resulting in excessive cooling of the burned part and
reduction of blood flow to that area. Ice can also cause vasoconstriction, thus causing
the blood vessels supplying the burned area to narrow and supply less blood and
oxygen. Applying ice does not prevent further tissue damage; instead, it decreases the
blood supply, causing delayed wound healing. Ice does not increase the blood flow to
the burned area; rather it decreases the blood flow due to vasoconstriction.
Text Reference - p. 455
For a patient with chemical burn of 15% total body surface area (TBSA) on the legs,
what kind of food should be encouraged?
1
High fat and high carbohydrate
2
High protein and high carbohydrate
3
High protein and low carbohydrate
4
Low protein and low carbohydrate - (correct answer)2
The patient with chemical burn of 15% TBSA should be encouraged to eat a high-
protein, high-carbohydrate diet. Foods high in protein and high in carbohydrates are
important for tissue regeneration and promote wound healing. The daily estimated
caloric needs should be calculated and regularly reassessed according to the patient's
changing condition.
Text Reference - p. 467
A patient presents in the emergency department (ED) with burns on the hands and face
after handling hydrochloric acid at work. What actions should the nurse perform toward
the patient's burn management? Select all that apply.
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